BEGIN:VCALENDAR VERSION:2.0 PRODID:-//CERN//INDICO//EN BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:The upgraded neutron grating interferometer at ANTARES – Design\ , Performance and Applications - DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180907T000000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180907T003000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-2075@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Tobias Neuwirth ()\nNeutron grating interferometry ( nGI) is a relatively new neutron imaging technique which is the\nadaption of a Talbot-Lau Interferometer for neutrons [1]. It simultaneously deliver s information\nabout the transmission (TI)\, phase shift (DPC) and the sca ttering (DFI) inside a sample [1].\nIn particular the DFI has generated hi gh interest\, due to its ultra-small-angle neutron scattering\n(USANS) con trast mechanism\, allowing to indirectly resolve structures which cannot b e directly\nresolved by an imaging instrument [2]\,[3].\nFor instance\, nG I is sensitive to magnetic domain walls and consequently allows to measure the\neffect of induced stress in a sample onto the mobility of its magnet ic domains [4]. Moreover\, the\ndistribution of flux domains within type-I and type-II superconductors has recently been visualized\n[5]\,[6]. Also there have been strong efforts to use nGI and particularly the DFI as tool s for\nquantitative measurements of microstructures in materials. A theory has been proposed\, which\ndirectly links the DFI contrast within the mat erial to a Fourier back transform of its scattering\nfunction evaluated at a correlation length ξGI~λ [7].\nA prerequisite for such quantitative m easurements is a high signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR). For DFI\nmeasurements i t has been shown that the main reasons for statistical uncertainties are ( i) low DFI\nsignal and (ii) low visibility [8]. Here\, the visibility is t he quotient between the amplitude and the\nmean value of the oscillation d uring an nGI scan and is an indicator for the performance of an nGI\nsetup .\nWhile the DFI signal is\, as mentioned above\, connected to the correla tion length which can be tuned\nduring the experiment\, the visibility is strongly dependent on the quality of the gratings. Especially\nthe quality (absorptivity) of the analyzer grating (G2) is a great concern here\, as it is generally the\ngrating with the smallest period (several μm). Curre nt fabrication techniques cause the grating to\nstrongly deviate from an i deal binary absorption profile. As has been shown in [9] this strongly\nde generates the visibility. Furthermore\, tuning the correlation length eith er lowers the achievable\nreal space resolution or results in a change in neutron wavelength which also causes a decrease in\nvisibility.\nHence a h igh visibility is an essential basis for quantitative measurements. In our contribution we\nwill present the upgraded nGI setup at the ANTARES beaml ine at FRM II. This nGI setup has been\nheavily redesigned\, compared to i ts precursor [10]. The redesign allowed to optimize the distances\nbetween the gratings\, as well as the grating periods. In particular\, the source and analyzer gratings\,\nwhich are both absorption gratings\, have been i mproved towards binary absorption profiles. With\nthese changes in the imp roved ANTARES nGI we have achieved a visibility of 75% over the whole\ndet ector area (76mm x 76mm) at the design wavelength of 4 Å. It is worth not ing that this visibility\nis very close to the theoretical limit imposed b y the spatial coherence generated by the used G0\ngrating.\n[1] C. Grünzw eig\, PhD thesis (2009)\n[2] C. Grünzweig et al.\, PRL 101\, 025504 (2008 )\n[3] M. Strobl et al.\, 101\, 123902 (2008)\n[4] H. Weiss et al.\, pendi ng (2018)\n[5] T. Reimann et al.\, accepted at JLTP\n[6] T. Reimann et al. \, Nat. Commun. 6:8813 (2015)\n[7] M. Strobl\, Sci. Rep. 4\, 7243 (2014)\n [8] R. Harti et al.\, Review of Scientific Instruments 88\, 103704 (2017)\ n[9] R. Harti et al.\, Opt. Express 25\, 1019-1029 (2017)\n[10] T. Reimann et al.\, J. Appl. Cryst. 49\, 1488-1500 (2016)\n\nhttps://events01.synchr otron.org.au/event/70/contributions/2075/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/2075/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:What Future in Neutron Imaging? DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180907T003000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180907T005000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-1534@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Eberhard Lehmann (Paul Scherrer Institut)\nThe usage of neutron beams for non-destructive material studies has a long traditio n since suitable sources were available. Meanwhile\, neutron imaging has b een developed towards a routine method at many places with basic (radiogra phy\, tomography) and more advanced (grating interferometry\, polarized an d diffractive imaging\, data fusion) features. This development was only p ossible after the introduction of digital detection systems which mostly r eplaced analogue (film based) detection methods. \nA generic neutron imagi ng facility consists of the following components: primary source\, beam tu ning devices\, sample environment and a neutron imaging detector. There is no real standard how to tune and to compose these different pieces in the best way: each neutron imaging facility is built uniquely\, taking into a ccount the specific properties\, mainly those of the neutron source. \nMo st of the powerful neutron sources in use for neutron imaging are based on research reactors. IAEA is providing a useful tool for a survey about the situation of research reactors world-wide [1]. It gives the following sta tus: operational: 223\, usage for neutron radiography: 72\, under construc tion: 8\, planned: 14. In addition to these sources there are projects pla nned and realized for neutron imaging stations at spallation sources. Othe r accelerator driven sources\, based on D-D or D-T reactions are available and used partly for some imaging activities. \nIn general\, the number of sources will be more reduced than increased\, given by the reactor age an d the public acceptance in several countries. Therefore\, the way to incre ase further the capabilities for neutron imaging is to access the underuti lized sources and to equip them with best-performing infra-structure. Fort unately\, some of the new source projects take neutron imaging options int o account from the beginning and a best performing facility can be built. To install neutron imaging stations at an already equipped source needs sp ecial considerations and often compromises. \nAnother important aspect is the introduction of neutron imaging methods into practice either of scient ific or practical applications. Since X-ray methods are much more common a nd increasingly used for research and in industry\, a direct competition i s not possible although some technical details are similar. We have to foc us more on the inherently strength of neutrons and to perform related inve stigations under highly professional and best performing conditions. There fore\, the access for scientific users and industrial partners to neutron imaging facilities has to be enabled easily. Due to the limited number of high performing beam lines and the different shut-down phases a dialogue b etween the facility operators will help to increase the utilization on hig hest level. \nThere is still much potential for further methodical devel opment and technical improvements. In addition\, a focus has to be given t o the data treatment and evaluation while the image data volume is increas ing dramatically. A link to neutron diffraction and scattering enables a d eeper insight to material properties and their modifications. New aspects like additive manufacturing and the study of materials for energy conversi on and storing are handled very efficiently using neutron imaging techniqu es. \n[1] https://nucleus.iaea.org/RRDB/RR/ReactorSearch.aspx?rf=1\n\nhttp s://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1534/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1534/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Strobi DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180906T002000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180906T005000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-2074@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/207 4/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/2074/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Review and Prospect of hydraulic behavior research of rhizosphere\ , xylem and leaves using neutron imaging DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180905T055000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180905T061000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-1645@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Cheul Muu Sim (Korea Atomic Energy Research Institut e)\nNeutron radiography which images interactions within the nucleus of at oms\, rather than between electrons like X-ray (1)\, can identify the stro ngly interacting hydrogen in water molecules\, and can be used to determin e hydraulic behavior in soils and plants. The first of a series of neutron imaging (NI) is able to determine the water content and morphology of roo ts planted in pots embedded in the field. The results of a series of neutr on imaging were used to diagnose root diseases in situ (2).\nTherefore\, n eutron imaging is the most appropriate method for studying the epidemiolog y of root-rot and rust because it can detect significant accumulations of inorganic elements of iron\, aluminum\, silicon\, and magnesium ions and w ater of root in the soil\, all of which interact with the fungi\, mycorrhi za\, and yeast inocula in the rhizosphere(3). The levels of water\, phenol ics\, and inorganic elements in the roots are all indicators of root healt h.\nThe uptake of water and inorganic elements by roots is a crucial proce ss for plant health. Dielectric cell pressure probes\, magnetic resonance\ , and heat tracing can be used to map the fluid dynamics in the xylem sap and phloem\, but they are destructive methods. By contrast\, neutron dynam ic imaging produces a 3D picture (4) of hydraulic movement in the vessels and sieve tubes\, depending on solution ion concentration\, pH\, root pres sure\, osmotic pressure\, capillarity\, and nonpolar solvents during activ e metabolism and photosynthesis. Hydraulic movement from the root epidermi s to the endodermis\, apoplast\, symplast\, and transmembrane regions can be analyzed in vivo (5). Neutron imaging with the contrast agent\, D2O\, c an be used to visualize in situ photomorphogenesis in the plant roots base d on the sensitivity to different light wavelengths. These phenomena are l argely uncharacterized at present. The application of neutron imaging show s us great promise for addressing many of the challenging questions relate d to plant hydraulics in the rhizosphere. In this paper\, the related rese arch will be reviewed and be looked in to the future of neutron imaging to ols for an expanding agricultre and food field.\n1.Heeraman\, D.A.\, Hopma ns\, J.W. & Clausnitzer\, V. Three dimensional imaging of plant roots in s itu with X-ray computed tomography. Plant and soil 189\, 167-179 (1997).\n 2.C.M. Sim et al. Continuous cropping of endangered therapeutic plants via electron beam soil-treatment and neutron tomography. Scientific Reports 8 2136(2018) doi 10. 1038/s4 1598-018-20124-7\n3. Oswald\, S. E.\, et al. Q uantitative imaging of infiltration\, root growth and root water uptake vi a neutron radiography. Vadose Zone Journal 7\, 1035-1047 (2008).\n4. Morad i\, A.B.\, et al. Three-dimensional visualization and quantification of wa ter content in the rhizosphere. New Phytol. 192\, 653-663 (2011).\n5. Zwie niecki\, M.A.\, Melcher\, P.M. & Holbrook\, N.M. Hydrogel control of xylem hydraulic resistance in plants. Science 291\,1059-1063 (2001).\n\nhttps:/ /events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1645/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1645/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:D.Hussey DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180905T002000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180905T005000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-2073@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/207 3/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/2073/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Performance and resolution upgrade on DINGO at OPAL DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180904T065000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180904T071000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-1527@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Ulf Garbe (ANSTO)\nThe neutron radiography / tomogra phy / imaging instrument DINGO is operational since October 2014 to suppor t research at ANSTO [1]. DINGO had a high subscription rate from a broad n ational and international scientific user community and for routine qualit y control for defense\, industrial\, cultural heritage and archaeology app lications. DINGO provides a useful tool to give a different insight into o bjects because of different contrast compared to X-rays and high sensitivi ty to light elements. In the field of industrial application it has shown promising results for studying cracking and defects in concrete or other s tructural material. A major part of applications from both sides of the co mmunity\, research and industrial user\, was demanding the high resolution setup on DINGO. In the original design DINGO could provide a minimum pixe l size of 27 µm. The neutron beam size can be adjusted to the sample size from 50 x 50 mm2 to 200 x 200 mm2 with a resulting pixel size from 27µm to ~100µm. The measured flux (using gold foil) at this high resolution se tup for an L/D of approximately 1000 at HB-2 is 1.1*107 [n/cm2s]\, which i s in a similar range to other facilities. Depending on the sample composit ion a full tomography has been taken in 24 – 36 hours with a 50 µm thin ZnS/6LiF-screnn and the CCD (Andor IKON-L) camera. In a two stage upgrade the background radiation has been reduce by an additional slit system adj usting the beam size more flexible and further down to 0.5 x 0.5 mm2. The new system allows minimizing the beam according to the sample size. In com bination with the Andor IKON SCMOS and Kenko distance rings\, to increase the focal length of the existing 100mm lens the pixel size was reduce to 7 µm. The scintillator was a 10 µm thick Gadox screen and for each project ion we have taken 3 – 6 images for better white spot correction. We woul d like to present first radiography and tomography results using the new s etup [2\,3]. A full tomography under these conditions can be taken in 2 -4 days depending on the nature on the sample. \n\n[1] Garbe\, U\; Randall\ , T\; Hughes\, C\; Davidson\, G\; Pangelis\, S and Kennedy\, SJ (2015)\, A New Neutron Radiography / Tomography / Imaging Station DINGO at OPAL\, Ph ysics Procedia 69\, 27-32. \n\n[2] Peng\, E\; Wei\, X\; Garbe\, U\; Yu\, D \; Edouard\, B\; Liu\, A and Ding\, J\, Robocasting of Dense Yttria-stabil ized Zirconia Structures\, J. Mater. Sci. 53(1)\, 247-273 (2018).\n\n[3] P eng\, E\; Wei\, X\; Herng\, TS\; Garbe\, U\; Yu\, D and Ding\, J\, Ferrite -based soft and hard magnetic structures by extrusion free-forming\, RSC A dv. 7(43)\, 27128-27138 (2017)\n\nhttps://events01.synchrotron.org.au/even t/70/contributions/1527/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1527/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Construction of a Quasi-Monoenergetic Neutron Source for Fast-Neut ron Imaging DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180904T063000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180904T065000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-1532@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Micah Johnson (Lawrence Livermore National Laborator y)\nLawrence Livermore National Laboratory is developing a high-brightness \, quasi-monoenergetic neutron source for fast-neutron imaging. Past and o n-going image quality index (IQI) measurements of various objects show tha t there is great promise for fast-neutron imaging\, specifically for imagi ng structural and material integrity of low-density materials within high density enclosures. Simulations\, calculations\, and measurements show th at discerning detail in the low-density materials as well as interfaces be tween low- and high-density materials is greatly improved using fast-neutr on imaging compared to X-rays and has high potential for seeing corrosion between different materials. The intensity of the neutron source is expec ted to be 1011 n/s/sr with a fixed energy at 10 MeV with 5% bandwidth at 0 -degrees. A 7-MeV pulsed linear accelerator will drive the neutron source. The accelerator will deliver a 300-uA average current deuteron beam onto a pulsed deuterium windowless gas target. The gas target is necessary beca use of the combined beam power and the requirement for a small source spot size. We will present the results of measurements of fast-neutron imagin g we have made with different source types. We will discuss our source co nstruction and plan forward for fast-neutron imaging.\n\n*This work perfor med under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Liverm ore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344\n\nhttps://events 01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1532/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1532/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:3D Velocity Vector Measurements in a Liquid-metal by Using Image U nsharpness in Neutron Transmission Images DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180904T065000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180904T071000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-1508@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Yasushi Saito (Kyoto University)\nTo investigate liq uid metal flow has critical importance in many industrial applications lik e metallurgy and Nuclear engineering. However\, it is still difficult to m easure the liquid metal flow at high temperature at present. Recently ultr asonic velocity measurement becomes one of the important measurement metho ds in such liquid metal flow\, but its applicable temperature range is sti ll limited to relatively low temperature level. Neutron Imaging can be app lied to the velocity field measurements of liquid metal two-phase flow\, w hich has been studied by the present author. Using only one neutron source \, two-dimensional behavior of tracer particles dispersed in liquid metal flows can be visualized by traditional neutron imaging. In this study\, th e image unsharpness of the tracer particles was analyzed to obtain the 3-d imensional positions of the tracer particles in the liquid-metal flow. The purpose of this study is to investigate the accuracy of the 3-D velocity vector measurements in a liquid-metal single phase flow. Experiments have been perfomred at the Kyoto University Research Reactor by using low-melti ng-poit Liquid-metal (Newton alloy\, 97 deg. C melting poit) to with AuCd3 particles\, which have almost the same density as the liquid-metal.\n\nht tps://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1508/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1508/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:New insights into the tooth structure of pelycosaurs by means of n eutron tomography DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180904T011000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180904T013000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-1577@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Michael Laaß (University of Duisburg-Essen\, Depart ment of General Zoology\, Faculty of Biology\, Universitätsstr. 5\, D–4 5117 Essen\, Germany)\nPelycosaurs are the most primitive members of the S ynapsida\, which is the clade that includes mammals. Consequently\, pelyco saurs are of special interest with respect to our early evolution. We inve stigated a skull of Varanosaurus acustirostris for the first time by means of neutron tomography at the facility ANTARES at FRM II in Munich. Varano saurus acustirostris was a representative of the primitive pelycosaur grou p Varanopseidae. It derives from Early Permian deposits of Texas. \nAs the most remarkable result we found that Varanosaurus possessed plicidentine\ , i.e. infolded dentine at the base of the tooth roots. With the exception of the sphenacodontid pelycosaur Dimetrodon\, plicidentine is unknown in Synapsida (Brink et al.\, 2014). Hitherto\, plicidentine has been observed only in fishes (sarcopterygians and actinopterygians) and some basal tetr apod groups. \nOur results suggest that plicidentine was more widespread a mong basal synapsids than previousely thought. Functionally\, the infolded dentine layer provided an increased area for attachment for the shallow t ooth roots in the pulp cavities of the jaw. Now\, neutron tomography allow s non-destructive investigation of the tooth structure of these valuable f ossils. \n\nReferences:\nBrink\, K.S.\, LeBlanc\, A.R.H. & Reisz\, R.R. 20 14. First record of plicidentine in Synapsida and patterns of tooth root s hape change in Early Permian sphenacodontians. Naturwissenschaften\, DOI 1 0.1007/s00114-014-1228-5.\n\nhttps://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/ contributions/1577/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1577/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:A quadruple multi-camera neutron computed tomography system at MLZ DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180904T021000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180904T023000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-1546@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Burkhard Schillinger (Heinz Maier-Leibniz-Institut ( FRM II) \, TU München)\nMost neutron imaging systems can accommodate larg e samples of 15 -30 cm size\, but recent interest is more focused on small cm-sized samples. With a small field of view for a camera-based detection system\, the neutron flux per pixel decreases\, and measurement time incr eases.\nThere were approaches to split a large field of view into smaller fields for individual CT measurements using a cogwheel-based adapter for t he rotation stage [PSI] or using individual micro rotation stages [MLZ]\, but this leaves a smaller amount of camera pixels per tomography field\, w hile many applications require the highest possible resolution even or esp ecially for very small samples. \nAn alternative approach is followed at M LZ\, using a multiple camera system with multiple rotation stages to make better use of the full size of the original neutron beam. With four camera s\, only two rotation stages are required where samples are stacked in an aluminum tube with cutouts above each other. Cameras are stacked with two on top of each other\, and two stacks beside each other. \nA small\, but h igh quality cooled CMOS camera is employed\, each camera box contains lead shielding only in front and behind the camera for easy stacking\, and sid eways\, joint shielding is built up with lead bricks and PE plates for the whole setup of four camera boxes.\nThe camera box and the mirror and scin tillation screen holder are designed as separate parts so scintillation sc reen holders for variable size can be adapted.\nThe first prototype is alr eady working\, four more camera boxes are currently in production and will be completed by the time of the conference. \nThe talk will describe the system in detail.\n\n\n[PSI] P. Trtik\, F. Geiger\, J. Hovind\, U. Lang\, E. Lehmann\, P. Vontobel\, S. Peetermans\, *Rotation axis demultiplexer en abling simultaneous computed tomography of multiple samples*\, Published o nline 2016 Apr 18. doi: 10.1016/j.mex.2016.04.005.\n[MLZ] B. Schillinger\, D. Bausenwein\, *Quadruple Axis Neutron Computed Tomography*\, Physics Pr ocedia Vol. 88\, 2017\, pp. 196-199\n\nhttps://events01.synchrotron.org.au /event/70/contributions/1546/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1546/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Recent achievements and activities in neutron imaging at FRM II DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180904T013000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180904T015000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-1519@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Michael Schulz (Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum\, Techn ische Universität München)\nAt the FRM II reactor in Garching\, Germany the Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum operates the two neutron imaging faciliti es ANTARES and NECTAR. ANTARES provides a cold neutron spectrum which giv es high sensitivity for even small changes of composition in a sample. Con sequently ANTARES is used for neutron imaging with high spatial resolution as well as novel techniques such as imaging with polarized neutrons or ne utron grating interferometry (nGI). The instrument NECTAR\, in contrast\, is a unique facility which provides a fast fission neutron spectrum which allows to investigate even very bulky samples and shows contrast complemen tary to X-rays or gammas.\nIn our contribution we will give an overview of recent achievements and activities of the MUnich Neutron Imaging Group (M UNIG). We have made several instrumental upgrades at both facilities. NEC TAR is currently undergoing a complete redesign and an upgrade to addition ally provide a thermal neutron spectrum which can be used when higher pene tration than with cold neutrons is required in combination with high spati al resolution. Furthermore\, at ANTARES we have designed and installed a d edicated 3He cryostat for neutron imaging which allows to routinely reach temperatures as low as 500mK for imaging with polarized neutrons and nGI w hile allowing to keep the sample to detector position as short as 50mm. Ad ditionally the nGI setup at ANTARES has undergone a major upgrade of the g eometry and the employed gratings which allows us to achieve a visibility of 75% over the entire field-of-view. We will additionally show results of recently performed experiments at both beam lines which are of interest f or the community.\n\nhttps://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contribu tions/1519/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1519/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Offical or Illegal? Tomographic analysis of plated silver coins fr om Ancient Greece. DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180903T230000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180903T232000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-1501@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Scott Olsen (ANSTO)\, Ken Sheedy (Macquarie Universi ty)\nThe first coins were made of electrum and were minted during the 7th century BC in Lydia (Asia Minor). Plated electrum coins began to appear s oon after\, and these have usually been identified as privately manufactur ed 'fakes'. But it is possible that they were in fact produced in the stat e's own mint. The art of plating coins required a very high skill level. A ttaching a thin piece of electrum over another metal (silver was the prefe rred core at this time) required a high degree of metallurgical knowledge and practical skills. The Australian Centre for Neutron Scattering has bee n involved in a study with the Australian Centre for Ancient Numismatic St udies at Macquarie University since 2014. A number of plated coins have be en studied using a combination of Neutron Tomography\, Diffraction and Tex ture Measurement\, as well as SEM and X-Ray Tomography. Our study also inc ludes later ancient silver that can now been shown to be plated. The proje ct has explored the thickness of the plating layer\, porosity in the metal s\, and the presence of intermediate layers. Silver plating layers of 0. 4mm are common and gold leaf layers of less than 0.1mm over a silver core have been studied.\n\nhttps://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contrib utions/1501/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1501/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Highlights from the CONRAD-2 beamline at HZB DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180904T002000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180904T005000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-1641@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Nikolay Kardjilov (Helmholtz Centre Berlin for Mater ials and Energy (HZB))\nThe material characterization by neutron imaging r eached a new level after developing innovative techniques using different contrast mechanisms than the common beam attenuation. In this way properti es of materials and complex systems can be resolved by position sensitive mapping of diffraction\, small-angle scattering and refraction signals. In addition the improved spatial and time resolution of the detector systems allow for micro tomography studies and 3D dynamic investigations. Applic ations related to 2D and 3D visualization of material phase heterogeneitie s\, texture\, fluid dynamics\, magnetic structures and phase transitions i n applied materials from the CONRAD-2 neutron imaging instrument at the He lmholtz-Zentrum-Berlin (HZB) will be presented.\n\nhttps://events01.synchr otron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1641/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1641/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Imaging at the Spallation Neutron Source: Opportunities and Challe nges DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180902T235000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180903T001000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-1588@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Hassina Bilheux (Oak Ridge National Laboratory)\nOve r the past few years\, several wavelength-dependent neutron imaging capabi lities have been developed at spallation neutron sources such as RADEN at J-PARC and IMAT at ISIS. At the Spallation Neutron Source of Oak Ridge Nat ional Laboratory\, wavelength-dependent experiments are ongoing\, and a te mporary imaging capability is being planned at the Spallation Neutrons and Pressure Diffractometer (SNAP)\, beamline 3) instrument. A design of this new imaging capability is presented. The facility will be equipped with e xchangeable apertures optimized for cold\, thermal and epithermal neutrons \, respectively. A dedicated sample area (for 2D and 3D data acquisition) and in-house event mode microchannel plate (MCP) detector are currently be ing developed as part of this project.\nRecently\, the team has measured c rystalline structures (using cold neutrons) and isotopic content (using ep ithermal neutrons) in superalloys and nuclear fuel material\, respectively . We present the characterization of additively manufactured (AM) Inconel 718 using wavelength-dependent radiography\, the so-called Bragg edge imag ing technique\, diffraction and modeling. This dual-modality capability co mbined with modeling provides unique information about the crystalline\n\n https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1588/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1588/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Jupyter Notebooks for Neutron Radiography Data Processing Analysis DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180903T073000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180903T075000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-1586@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Jean Bilheux (ORNL)\nThe High Flux Isotope Reactor ( HFIR) CG-1D neutron imaging facility accommodates a broad range of researc h applications such as materials science\, engineering\, energy\, physics\ , biology and plant physiology. This instrument is equipped with a modern data acquisition system that helps users to acquire data in a semi-automat ed fashion. Until now\, raw data were processed using MatLab and/or ImageJ \, which required extensive training by beamline staff. In order to improv e user experience and to allow live feedback processing of the raw data\, the imaging software team has developed tools such as semi-automated recon struction and Jupyter Notebooks that can be adapted to the specific scient ific questions from the research team. One of the advantages of the notebo oks is that facility users do not need to be advanced image processing sci entists\, nor do they need expertise in Python programming. Another advant age is that an existing notebook can be readily adapted for a new experime nt without a tremendous time commitment from the imaging software team. Us ing a few research examples\, this talk will present the tools developed a nd used by the the scientific community coming to CG-1D.\n\nhttps://events 01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1586/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1586/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Daniel DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180903T013000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180903T015000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-2072@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/207 2/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/2072/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Current Status of The Energy-Resolved Neutron Imaging System\, RAD EN\, at J-PARC MLF DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180903T003000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180903T005000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-1535@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Takenao Shinohara (Japan Atomic Energy Agency)\nThe world’s first pulsed neutron imaging instrument dedicated to energy-reso lved neutron imaging experiments\, named RADEN\, was constructed at beam p ort 22 in the Materials and Life Science Experimental Facility (MLF) of J- PARC [1]. This instrument is designed to conduct state-of-the-art energy-r esolved neutron imaging\, such as Bragg-edge imaging\, resonance absorptio n imaging\, and pulsed polarized neutron imaging\, together with conventio nal/energy-selective neutron radiography and tomography by fully utilizing the high intensity\, short-pulsed neutron beam. The construction of RADEN was completed in 2014\, and user operation was started from April 2015. B y the end of April 2017\, the number of conducted proposals reached 72 and about half of the total beam time was utilized by general users. \nBeside s the user program\, the RADEN instrument group is continuing the technica l development and improvement of the instrument so as to conduct more adva nced energy-resolved and conventional neutron imaging experiments. To impr ove the detector performance\, we exchanged the optical system of our came ra-type detector for increased brightness to achieve fine spatial resoluti on\, and upgraded an event-type detector\, the µNID [2]\, for improved co unt rate\, neutron detection efficiency\, and spatial resolution. Also\, t he collimation system was upgraded and additional slits were introduced in to the instrument for better beam shaping and efficient background reducti on. The device controlling software has been replaced with a newer version in order to make the interface more user friendly and to provide flexibli ty to easily include additional equipment under the control. Regarding the development of new imaging techniques\, we have constructed a Talbot-Lau interferometer at the pulsed neutron source for the first time and applied the wavelength-dependent analysis to phase imaging [3]. Moreover\, to ana lyze the spatial distribution of nano-scale structural information\, a tec hnique to extract the small-angle scattering contribution in the neutron t ransmission spectrum using orthogonally-arranged neutron Soller collimator s has been developed [4].\nIn this presentation\, we will report the curre nt status of RADEN along with recent results of the technical development and application studies regarding energy-resolved neutron imaging techniqu es conducted at RADEN.\nThis work was partially supported by the Photon an d Quantum Basic Research Coordinated Development Program from MEXT\, Japan and the Momose Quantum Beam Phase Imaging Project\, ERATO\, JST (Grant No . JPMJER1403).\n[1] T. Shinohara et al.\, J. Phys. Conf. Ser.\, 746\, 0120 07 (2016).\n[2] J.D. Parker et al.\, Nucl. Instr. and Meth. A\, 726\, 155 (2013).\n[3] Y. Seki et al.\, J. Phys. Soc. Jpn.\, 86\, 044001 (2017).\n[4 ] Y. Oba et al.\, J. Appl. Cryst.\, 50\, 334 (2017).\n\nhttps://events01.s ynchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1535/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1535/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Implementation of thermal neutron radiography at medium and low po wer research reactors in Iran DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180906T234000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180907T000000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-1540@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Mohammad Hossein Choopan Dastjerdi (Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute)\nResearch reactors have been used as go od neutron sources for neutron radiography systems during last decades. Al though these reactors have many disadvantages\, such as lack of portabilit y\, high cost and high waste production\, these sources can provide high a nd stable neutron flux and also have some equipments such as beam tubes in order to extract neutron beams through the biological shield. In recent y ears\, a thermal neutron beam was designed and implemented in the radial “E” beam tube of Tehran Research Reactor (TRR). TRR is a 5 megawatt re search reactor and equipped with seven beam tubes. Characterization of thi s thermal neutron radiography beam was done using the Image Quality Indica tors (IQI) of American Standard and Testing Materials (ASTM). Besides that \, during the past year\, another thermal neutron beam is implemented at t he Miniature Neutron Source Reactor (MNSR). MNSR is a 30 kilowatt research reactor and compared to the TRR\, it has not external beam tube. Therefor e\, in this case an external beam tube is designed and constructed in orde r to achieve an appropriate neutron radiography beam. Some samples like I QIs\, fresh nuclear fuel rods\, ancient pottery\, plant roots and soil\, g raphite box are studied using these two neutron radiography beamlines. In this paper\, the design details of these neutron radiography beamlines\, t he parameters of these beamlines\, the result of beam characterizations an d some experiments that are done at these facilities are presented.\n\nhtt ps://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1540/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1540/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Qualification and development of fast neutron imaging scintillator screens DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180906T232000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180906T234000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-1530@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Robert Zboray (The Pennsylvania State University)\nW e have performed extensive testing and qualification of different commerci al fast neutron scintillator screens in camera-based imaging detectors. Th ese include BC400 organic scintillator from St. Gobain and ZnS(Cu) inorgan ic scintillator from RC Tritec AG. Furthermore\, we have developed simple and inexpensive ZnS-based fast neutron imaging screens and their performan ce have been tested and compared to the aforementioned commercial ones. Zn S(Ag) and ZnS(Cu) powders have been mixed with optical epoxy\, deaerated a nd casted into sheet form using an aluminum frame. Furthermore ZnS(Ag) was mixed with high viscosity glycerol to create suspension type imaging scre en. The ZnS concentration and the screen thickness have been optimized usi ng sample screen pieces. To initially test the performance of the screens\ , the fast tail of the flux in the thermal NEUTRA beam line at the SINQ sp allation source of the Paul Scherrer Institute Switzerland has been utiliz ed. Furthermore\, extensive testing has been carried out at the RAD beamli ne of the 10 MW research reactor of the Budapest Neutron Centre (BNC)\, Hu ngary. The latter beamline is routinely utilized for thermal neutron imagi ng\, however it has been adapted to enable fast neutron studies using in-b eam filters against gamma and thermal neutrons. Our results indicated that the ZnS(Cu) commercial screen from the company Tritec AG had the best per formance which could still be slightly improved according to our results. On the other hand\, the BC400 screen performed the worst mainly due to its low light output\, which is detrimental in a camera-based imaging detecto r. The in-house ZnS-epoxy screens produced about 60% of light intensity of its commercial counterpart\, which is mainly due to the lower hydrogen de nsity of the optical epoxy compared to polypropylene. The glycerol suspens ion screen underperformed relative to expectations due mainly to an appare nt separation of the scintillator powder and the glycerol. Some fast neutr on radiographic images are shown to demonstrate the capabilities of the sc reens.\n\nhttps://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1530/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1530/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Conceptual design of a thermal neutron imaging facility at the Jor dan Research and Training Reactor (JRTR) optimized by Monte Carlo neutron ray-tracing simulations DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180906T230000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180906T232000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-1543@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Mahmoud Suaifan (1University of Science and Technolo gy (UST)\, 217 Gajeong-ro\, Yuseong-gu\, Daejeon 34113\, Republic of Korea \, 2Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI)\, 989-111 Daedeok-daero \, Yuseong-gu\, Daejeon 34057\, Republic of Korea\, 3Jordan Atomic Energy Commission (JAEC)\, JRTR Commission\, 70 Shafa-badran\, Amman 11934\, Jord an)\n**Abstract**\nRecently\, the Jordan Research and Training Reactor (JR TR) has officially got its operating license. The JRTR\, 5 MWt\, upgradabl e to 10 MWt\, and neutron fluxes of orders of 10^14 n/cm2.sec\, has starte d its activities to provide multi-purpose services according to the potent ial utilization plans. This paper discusses one of the most important and primary instruments in regards to the utilization of the nuclear research reactors\, and spallation sources as well\, that is a thermal neutron imag ing facility (NIF) to be installed at the sufficiently wide experimental h all of the JRTR site and be opened for local and international users of bo th sectors academia and industry. This paper focuses on the detailed works of the designing\, optimizing\, and verification stages of the conceptual design of the JRTR-NIF applying Monte Carlo simulations using McStas neut ron ray-tracing packages. Initial simulation results show that the JRTR-NI F can provide competing flux values ranging between the orders of 10^6 ~ 10^7 n/cm2.sec at various sample positions\, coupled with various L/D coll imation selected ratios ranging between 80 ~ 1200\, as well as good beam s izes\, “effective” beam sizes up to 20 cm in diameter\, with good reso lutions compared to other pioneer facilities worldwide in order to cover a wide range of advanced applications required by various types of users.\n \n**Keywords**\nJRTR\, Jordan\, Neutron imaging\, Neutron radiography\, Ne utron beam instrumentation\, nuclear research reactor utilization\, and Mo nte Carlo simulations.\n\n***Corresponding author:** bsseong@kaeri.re.kr\, +82-10-3424-8442\, KAERI institute\, 989-111 Daedeok-daero\, Yuseong-gu\, Daejeon 34057\, Republic of Korea.\n\nhttps://events01.synchrotron.org.au /event/70/contributions/1543/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1543/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Neutron Radiography at SARAF: from Reactor to Accelerator DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180906T065000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180906T071000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-1522@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Shlomi Halfon (Soreq NRC)\nSoreq Applied Research Ac celerator Facility (SARAF) will be a user facility for basic and applied n uclear physics\, upon expected completion at the beginning of the next dec ade. SARAF is based on a 40 MeV\, 5 mA CW proton/deuteron superconducting linear accelerator. A high intensity accelerator-based Thermal Neutron Sou rce (TNS) will be a major application of SARAF within its higher goal to e nhance and back-up Soreq IRR-1 5 MW nuclear research reactor\, mainly for neutron imaging and neutron diffraction research. The current thermal neut ron radiography system of IRR-1 was characterized at the imaging plane in order to determine the neutron flux\, beam profile\, cadmium ratio and gam ma background. The image quality was examined based on American Society fo r Testing and Materials (ASTM) standards. The main characteristics found: neutron flux is 6-9×105 n/s/cm2 and cadmium ratio of 10-15\, with collima tion ratio (L/D) of 250. SARAF TNS is designated to provide an accelerator based neutron radiography system with equivalent or upgraded capabilities compared to IRR-1. The TNS will be based on a liquid lithium conversion t arget\, generating a fast neutron yield of up to 2×1015 n/s when irradiat ed with a 40 MeV\, 5 mA (0.2 MW) deuteron beam. The produced fast neutrons will be moderated to the thermal energy range by heavy water that surroun ds the conversion target\, along with a beryllium multiplier which enhance s the number of neutrons\, and a peripherals neutron reflector. Extraction tube toward the radiography systems will be positioned at backward angles with respect to the incident deuteron beam in order to diminish the contr ibution of fast neutrons. The dimensions of the moderator\, multiplier and the tubes position are investigated by detailed Monte-Carlo simulations a nd a preliminary design of the radiography system has been established. Th e simulation results will be presented and they indicate that the neutron beam characteristics at the imaging plane will be improved compare to thos e of IRR-1 facility.\n\nhttps://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contr ibutions/1522/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1522/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Design and Construction of Grating-Based Interferometers for the O ak Ridge National Laboratory\, High-Flux Isotope Reactor\, CG-1D Tomograph y Beamline DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180906T061000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180906T063000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-1524@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Leslie G Butler (Louisiana State University)\nThe OR NL HFIR CG-1D neutron tomography beamline will be the future site of grati ng-based interferometry/tomography. This presentation will give a work-in- progress report describing construction activities and results commencing in late spring\, 2018. \n\nTwo interferometer designs will be developed: T albot-Lau and far-field. Talbot-Lau has the advantage of considerable oper ational experience at several facilities\, particularly at the PSI ICON be amline. The far-field interferometer is relatively new to X-ray and neutro n imaging and may offer more access to dark-field imaging as a function of interferometer autocorrelation scattering length. In addition\, neutron f lux through the far-field interferometer should be 2-fold greater than the Talbot-Lau design due to one fewer absorption gratings. \n\nThe CG-1D neu tron tomography is well suited for the addition of grating interferometry. The beamline is currently operated with a high-flux\, polychromatic cold neutron beam offering useful flux in the wavelength range 1.8 to 6 A. Beam divergence is usually set at L/D = 400. The distance from pinhole collima tor to detector is 5 m. The neutron path is protected with helium-filled f light tubes having thin aluminum windows. The first grating will be mounte d near the pinhole optics\, thus sharing the the same radiation enclosure. The other two gratings will be more easily accessible. \n\nThe presentati on is expected to cover of some these topics: \n• Construction of a Talb ot-Lau interferometer
\;\n• Construction of a far-field interferometer \;\n
• Optical simulations\;\n• Fabrication of extremely small peri od neutron phase gratings\;\n
• A motor control system based on Python and EPICS\; and\n
• Planned applications of interferometry to laser s inter additive manufacturing.\n\nhttps://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event /70/contributions/1524/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1524/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Recent progress of neutron imaging facility and applications at Ch ina Advanced Research Reactor DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180906T055000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180906T061000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-1544@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: meimei wu ()\nA thermal neutron imaging facility and a cold neutron imaging facility are under construction at China Advanced Research Reactor (CARR). At present\, some main components\, such as colli mator\, sample table\, detection system\, etal have been finished\, and th e others are under construction. The thermal neutron imaging facility will be operated in two modes: high intensity and high resolution depending on the distance between the sample and the aperture. The cold neutron imagin g facility is more flexible\, and sample can be placed at several position s\, depending on the research demands.\nWith the neutron imaging testing s tation built at the end of one neutron guide\, many applications had been carried out\, including testing Zr alloy nuclear fuel cladding\, fuel cell \, lithium battery\, plants\, rocks\, fossils and so on. Both the neutron radiography and neutron tomography methods were studied.\n\nhttps://events 01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1544/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1544/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Current developments and research applications of the NIST NeXT sy stem DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180906T053000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180906T055000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-1560@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Jacob M. LaManna (Physical Measurement Laboratory\, National Institute of Standards and Technology)\nThe NIST Neutron and X-ra y Tomography (NeXT) system provides simultaneous complimentary multimodal information for the characterization of materials. Neutrons and X-rays pro vide complementary non-destructive probes due to the contrast differences that arise from the differences in interaction with matter for the two mod es. NIST’s NeXT system was initially commissioned in 2015 and has been o perating fully in the Center for Neutron Research facility user program wi th robust demand. The system works by orienting at 90 keV microfocus X-ray tube orthogonally to the thermal neutron beam. With the truly simultaneou s capture of the two modalities\, it is possible to perform multimodal tom ography of dynamic or stochastic samples while penetrating through sample environment equipment such as pressure and flow vessels. Through volume re gistration and data fusion of the two reconstructed volumes\, improvements to image segmentation and phase identification can be made with 2D histog rams that leverage the strengths of each mode. Current research applicatio ns using the NeXT system range from oil and gas recovery\, strength of con crete and building materials\, electrochemical energy storage and conversi on\, geophysics and geochemistry\, and cultural heritage\, among others. T his talk will give an overview of the NeXT system\, discuss several recent results obtained on the instrument\, and detail future directions for imp roving the measurement method.\n\nhttps://events01.synchrotron.org.au/even t/70/contributions/1560/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1560/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:An Experimental Trial of 3D Synergy Modeling from X-ray CT and Neu tron Radiograms DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180906T045000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180906T051000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-1568@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Takashi Kamiyama (Hokkaido University)\nThe synergy imaging is an imaging technique which obtains a nuclide distribution image with higher spatial resolution using the differences between cross sectio ns of neutron and X-ray [1]. The concept of the synergy imaging is develop ed from the image alignment technique using the mutual information (MI). I n our previous computer simulation study\, the procedure extended to the t hree-dimensional (3D) nuclide mapping. For making a 3D volume model\, we a ssumed the use of X-ray computer tomography (CT) technique\, and the neutr on radiograms which were taken along only orthogonal three directions. The 2D synergy imaging were carried on along the proper three directions betw een neutron radiograms and reconstructed X-ray radiograms from the CT mode l. Obtained nuclide distribution results for three directions were reconst ructed by the back projection method and obtained the 3D nuclide distribut ion by analyzing the voxel data after the back projection. This procedure has a great advantage for the 3D model construction with neutron\, because the number of the neutron radiogram measurements is reduced greatly.\nIn this study\, we applied this 3D synergy imaging method to an actual object and demonstrated the 3D voxel model reconstruction of the nuclide distrib ution using the procedure. The sample object was an aluminum cylinder of 2 0 mm diameter and 10 mm height including metal wires of Ta\, W\, Pb\, In a nd Ag. The X-ray CT measurement carried on the laboratory system with 150 keV micro focus generator. The neutron imaging was taken at Hokkaido Unive rsity Neutron Source (HUNS)\, Japan. The neutron detector was GEM type wit h spatial distribution of 0.8 mm. The sample was set on just before the de tector window to eliminate blurring. For the case the neutron radiogram si ze has only 25 x 25 pixels. From the X-ray CT measurement we pulled out th e appropriate images which coincided with the neutron measurement directio ns\, and proceeded the synergy imaging to obtain the nuclide distributions . The resulted 2D nuclide distributions were very coarse because of the st atistics of the neutron radiograms\, then we averaged the each area where the shadow of each wire was recognized. The results obtained were able to distinguish each nuclide. Finally\, we reconstructed the 3D voxel model by the back projection of three nuclide distribution images from the three o rthogonal directions. The obtained 3D model has the higher spatial resolut ion equal to the X-ray CT voxel and correct nuclide information of wires. That is\, it can be said that 3D synergy imaging was successful. \nThe res earch is supported under the Development of Non-Destructive Methods Adapte d for Integrity test of Next generation nuclear fuels project by the Minis try of Education\, Culture\, Sports\, and Technology (MEXT)\, Japan.\n[1] H. Hasemi\, T. Kamiyama\, H. Sato\, K. Kino\, K. Nakajima\, NSS/MIC/RTSD W orkshop 2016\, (2017) 10.1109/NSSMIC.2016.8069786.\n\nhttps://events01.syn chrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1568/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1568/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:An experimental approach for quantitative scattering correction in neutron imaging. DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180906T043000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180906T045000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-1576@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Chiara Carminati (Paul Scherrer Institut)\n*Introduc tion*\nQuantitative neutron imaging is hampered by different sources of no nlinearity: polyenergetic beam\, beam hardening\, detector uneven light di stribution and neutron scattering. The correction of these effects is nece ssary to approximate the log-attenuation as a linear function of the sampl e density. We focus here on the scattering component\, caused by the neutr on interaction with the sample and with the experimental apparatus. We rec ently proposed a fully empirical method for scattering correction without the need of prior knowledge of the neutron spectrum or of the sample compo sition [1]. We describe here its implementation: a scattering correction t erm is included into the post-processing image normalization procedure\, w hich usually only includes open beam and dark current images. \nWe show th e performance of the proposed approach in removing scattering related cupp ing artifacts in a test CT acquired at the NEUTRA beamline at PSI.\n*Metho ds*\nAn aluminum frame containing neutron absorbing cylinders made of 10B4 C\, called black bodies (BBs) evenly distributed over the field of view ha s been constructed. As the BBs are opaque to neutrons\, the measured neutr on intensity behind them can be interpreted as the scattered neutrons comp onent.\nDuring the experiments\, two more sets of images are acquired usin g the reference frame for the estimation of the scattered neutrons contrib ution to the image intensity: with and without the sample in the beam. The se images are used to correct for the scattering contributions from the sa mple and the background\, respectively.\nThe scattering component is estim ated from the BB measurements by segmenting the BBs and interpolating the underlying values with a 2D second order polynomial scheme. A dedicated do se correction scheme is also implemented to compensate for beam fluctuatio ns and the decrease in transmission due to the presence of the BB grid. Th e computed scattering components are subtracted from projections and open beam images\, before image normalization.\nThe necessary image processing and implementation of image normalization is integrated in MuhRec\, an ope n source CT reconstruction software [2].\n*Results and discussions*\nA cyl indrical aluminum container (10 mm external diameter\, 2 mm thick) filled with water was imaged at NEUTRA measuring position II with 625 tomographic projections uniformly distributed over a full rotation of 360deg (100 µm thick 6LiF/ZnS scintillator). BB images were taken without the sample and with the sample according to a sparse CT scheme (25 equally distributed p rojections over 360deg) and linear interpolation was applied to estimate s ample scattering in missing angles. With the proposed approach\, the cuppi ng artifacts in the reconstructed CT were successfully compensated. Mean a ttenuation coefficients were around 3.57 cm-1 for corrected vs. 2.84 cm-1 for the non-corrected CT (expected value 3.6 cm-1).\n*References* \n[1] Bo illat P\, Carminati C\, Schmid F\, Gruenzweig C\, Hovind J\, Kaestner A\, Mannes D\, Morgano M\, Siegwart M\, Trtik P\, Vontobel P\, Lehmann EH “C hasing quantitative biases in neutron imaging with scintillator-camera det ectors: a practical method with black body grids” Optics Express\, *subm itted for publication*\n[2] A.P. Kaestner “MuhRec – A new tomography r econstructor” Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A 651\ , 156-160\, 2011\n\nhttps://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contribut ions/1576/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1576/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Development of Quantitative Crack Analysis Techniques Using Neutro n-Absorbing Liquid Penetrants DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180906T041000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180906T043000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-1575@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Jeffrey King (Colorado School of Mines)\nContrast ag ents for neutron radiography have been demonstrated for industrial applica tions\; however\, quantitative evaluations of these contrast agents are sc arce in the published literature. This project will develop a quantitative tool to determine crack extent using processed neutron radiographs. This quantitative tool will be valuable for analyzing cracks in irradiated mate rials such as higher burnup fuels and advanced cladding materials where co nventional crack measuring techniques are not possible\n\nThe East Radiogr aphy Station of the Neutron RADiography (NRAD) reactor at Idaho National L aboratory\, imaged aluminum alloy crack test blocks prepared per American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) standards. Image processing extra cted quantitative measurements of the crack area from the resulting film r adiographs. A digital image threshold segregation process segregated the c rack area was to black and the background to white. Testing different cont rast agent solutions and varying the methods of infiltration provided data on the most effective infiltration and washing methods.\n\nWhile the init ial round of neutron radiography proved that digital image processing of g adolinium-enhanced crack radiographs could yield a quantitative measuremen t of crack extent\, the resulting pixel counts were not clearly correlated to the amount of gadolinium in the crack. Neutron activation analysis (NA A) of the infiltrated cracks can provide a quantitative measurement of the amount of infiltrant in each crack\; however\, the low thermal neutron cr oss-sections of gadolinium-158 and gadolinium-160 make NAA difficult. Dysp rosium is well-suited for NAA because it is chemically similar to gadolini um\, possesses a high thermal neutron cross-section\, and has a daughter p roduct (dysprosium-165) with a 2.33 hour half-life. \n\nThe Geologic Surve y TRIGA Reactor (GSTR) at the Denver Federal Center in Lakewood\, Colorado irradiated small (\n\nhttps://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contri butions/1575/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1575/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Laue Multi-Grain Indexing with Neutrons DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180906T035000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180906T041000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-1563@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Marc Raventos (Paul Scherrer Institut)\nPolycrystall ine materials undergoing thermal or mechanical loading suffer deformations and damage which can modify their grain size\, orientation and texture. T o obtain multigrain information from crystalline samples\, 3D grain mappin g is performed using x-ray diffraction at synchrotron radiation sources. H owever\, the scope of this technique is limited due to the lack of penetra tion power inside of bulky metallic samples. Neutrons have usually a highe r penetration depth in comparison with x-rays\, and some grain maps have a lready been reconstructed from neutron data. However these methods have so far been dependent on the use of energy-resolved neutron imaging techniqu es\, either with a velocity selector or a time-of-flight approach.\n\nWe a re developing a new method to obtain the position\, orientation and shape of grains from polycrystalline samples without initial wavelength resoluti on needs. So far the technique has been validated for grain sizes in the r ange of hundreds of microns and samples up to 2 cm diameter. The novelty o f the reconstruction approach\, enabling white beam measurements\, lies in the use of a forward model to predict diffraction patterns being fitted t o the position of the experimental diffraction spots and hence revealing n umber\, position and orientation of individual grains. This is very differ ent from common energy resolved crystal diffraction where the wavelength i s typically used to solve Bragg’s law.\n\nThe approach utilizes the know ledge of the beamline setup and crystal composition to predict the geometr y of the Laue pattern measured during the experiment on the diffractometer . The code compares and optimizes the predicted pattern with respect to th e measured diffraction patterns concerning grain positions and orientation s until the match is satisfactory. As a result the positions and orientati ons of contributing grains are retrieved. The process of search and optimi zation is first done for individual grains and repeated until no additiona l grains are found with statistically significant anymore.\n\nExperiments were performed at the E11 thermal beamline of the BERII neutron source at the Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin in Germany. The detection system of the insta lled instrument FALCON is a scintillator-camera based neutron imaging set of two detectors with a field of view of 400x400 mm each and a pixel sizes of 100 μm. For our experiments we typically set one detector in forward diffraction direction and the other one in backward diffraction mode.\n\n The current version of the code has already been proven capable of indexin g 18 grains from an annealed α-Fe cylindrical sample with 5 mm diameter a nd 5 mm height. In addition 8 grains have been indexed from a YBaCuFeO5 mu ltiferroic oligo-crystal using only forward diffraction data.\n\n\n\nWith the current version of our code white beam Laue neutron multi-grain indexi ng becomes possible. However\, this is only the first step towards retriev ing a full 3D grain map including the morphology. Our next steps are focus ed on advancing these capabilities\, finding new applications and bringing the code to a user-friendly level.\n\nhttps://events01.synchrotron.org.au /event/70/contributions/1563/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1563/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Magnetic field induced neutron phase contrast imaging with grating interferometry DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180906T033000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180906T035000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-1573@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: jacopo valsecchi (psi)\n**Magnetic field induced neu tron phase contrast imaging with grating interferometry**\n\nMagnetism has always been in the spotlight and neutrons have played an essential role\n in understanding this physical phenomena due to their intrinsic magnetic m oment. Polarized\nneutron imaging and the grating interferometer (nGI) tec hnique have been established as\npowerful means [1\; 2] for investigating superconductors and domain wall of ferromagnetic\nmaterials [3].\nHere we present an upgrade of the regular nGI setup\, which allows to operate with polarized\nneutrons (p-nGI) in order to retrieve differential phase contr ast images (DPCI) induced by\nthe magnetic field and to visualize its spac ial distribution. The DPCI yields quantitative information\nabout the phas e shift induced by the refraction of the polarized neutron beam on\nthe ph ase object\, due to the magnetic interaction between the sample and the ne utron spin\nstate.\nThe talk reports our experimental results achieved at the Beamline for neutron Optics and\nother Application (BOA) [4] at Paul S cherrer Institut (PSI).\nA beryllium filter was used as energy selector in order to improve the sensitivity of the setup\nto the magnetic field stre ngth.\nTwo different cases were taken into account for demonstrating the f easibility of this technique:\na tailored sample\, consisting of an homoge neous square-shaped magnetic field aligned\nparallel to the guide field\, and a rectangular Neodymium permanent magnet as a general case.\nHence\, t he magnetic phase shift image (PCI) of the experimental data was retrieved by integrating\nthe DPCI\, taking into account the energy spectrum of the beam and the visibility\nresponse function [5] of the p-nGI setup.\nSubse quently\, the experimental results were validated with the expected value calculated\nfrom the Hall probe measurements and finite element method (FE M).\nWe put particular emphasis on the understanding of the adiabatic and/ or non-adiabatic nature\nof the process which define the condition for the accessible features.\n\n**References**\n[1] Pfeiffer F. et al. (2006) Phy s. Rev. Lett. 96\, 215505\, doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.96.215505\n[2] Kardjil ov N. et al. (2008) Nat. Phys. 4\, pp 399-403\, doi:10.1038/nphys912\n[3] Betz B. et al. (2016) Phys. Rev. Appl. 6(2)024024\, doi:10.1103/PhysRevApp lied.6.024024\n[4] Morgano M. et al. (2014) Nucl. Instr. and Meth. A 754\, doi:10.1016/j.nima.2014.03.055\n[5] Harti R. P. et al. (2017) Opt. Expres s. 1023 Vol.25 No.2\, doi:10.1364/OE.25.001019\n\nhttps://events01.synchro tron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1573/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1573/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Comparison of porosity in coke like materials determined using tra ditional techniques and neutron tomography DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180906T021000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180906T023000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-1558@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Mark Reid (Australian Centre for Neutron Scattering\ , Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation)\nMetallurgical c oke is an important raw material used in the ironmaking blast furnace as a reducing agent and structural component of the furnace burden. One of the factors effecting coke performance is porosity. Traditional methods of de termining coke porosity involve metallurgical techniques that assess two d imensional cross-sections of a given coke. In this work we discuss the lim itations in this approach in terms of the inter-connectivity of the porosi ty present in metallurgical coke and a laboratory designed coke analogue a s assessed via traditional techniques and neutron tomography.\n\nhttps://e vents01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1558/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1558/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Time-resolved in-operando neutron imaging of lithiation and delith iation process in custom-built rechargeable Li-ion batteries DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180906T015000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180906T021000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-1559@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Monica-Elisabeta Lacatusu (Technical University of D enmark)\nWe are reporting an in-operando study of time-resolved neutron im aging on cycled Li-ion batteries to analyze the phase changes during lithi ation and delithiation.\n\nRechargeable lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries are used to power up our daily portable appliances. They are electrochemical cells consisting of a positive electrode separated from a negative electro de\, in electrolyte solution\, which allows only Li-ions to move between t he electrodes. \n\nThe most common material used for the negative electrod e in rechargeable commercial Li-ion batteries is graphite\, due to its mec hanical stability and good electrical conductivity. Li-ions are intercalat ed in between and within the graphene layers in the graphite structure\, c reating crystallographic phase changes. The charge-discharge process is ac companied by the challenge of (de)intercalating Li-ions into/from the crys talline structure\, thus forcing the lattice to distort and create defects \, which contributes to transport-related structural damage upon fast cycl ing\, thus shortening the lifetime. [1]\nKinetic behaviour of Li-ions and phase transformation mechanisms are poorly understood due to difficulties in isolating these factors experimentally. However\, these changes can be observed using neutrons [2]. Due to the large neutron cross-section of Li and due to their penetration of bulk samples they are well suited for in-o perando studies of Li-ion batteries.\n\nWe present the results of in-opera ndo time-resolved Bragg-edge transmission neutron experiments of charge-di scharge cycles of a custom-built Li-ion half-cell performed at RADEN@J-PAR C\, Japan. The measurements were performed on a custom-made battery cell w ith graphite:carbon black:polyvinylidene fluoride (8:1:1) as the working e lectrode and metallic Li as the counter electrode. They were charged and d ischarged at different C-rates\, the current rate normalized to the maximu m battery capacity. The first cell was discharged at two C-rates: C/34 and C/68\, with a short period of relaxation between the discharges\, and cha rged at C/34. The second cell was discharged at C/20 and at C/34 until the potential reached 0.001 V\, with a relaxation period in between\, and cha rged at C/34 until 3 V.\nResults of the neutron radiography experiments sh ow phase changes in the working electrode and lithium intercalation and de intercalation during cycling. The phase changes are reflected in the varia tions of the graphite\, LiC12 and LiC6 characteristic Bragg edges.\n\n[1] K. Persson et al.\, J. Phys. Chem. Lett.\, 2010\, 1 (8)\, 1176-1180\n[2] M . Kamata et al.\, J. Electrochem. Soc.\, 1996\, 143 (6)\, 1866-1870\n\nhtt ps://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1559/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1559/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Diffusion coefficients of H in Zirconium alloys at operating tempe ratures by neutron imaging DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180906T013000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180906T015000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-1553@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Julio Marin (CNEA)\nZirconium based alloys are widel y used in the nuclear industry\, mostly as tubes and claddings operating i n high-pressure water at temperatures between 250°C-350°C. Hydrogen (H) or deuterium (D) ingress due to waterside corrosion\, and subsequently pre cipitates as a brittle hydride phase. Degradation mechanisms involve the a ccumulation of these brittle hydrides at cold spots or crack tips\, as a r esult of H diffusion in response to thermal and stress gradients\, respect ively. In both cases\, the diffusion coefficient of H at operating tempera tures determines the crack growth velocity. Here\, we have adapted a tradi tional method to determine the diffusion coefficient of H in Zirconium bas ed alloys\, in order to apply it to smaller specimens and significantly re duce experimental times. The method involves the formation of a surface hy dride layer on a small specimen machined out of a plate or tube\, and the determination of the H concentration profile obtained after an annealing t reatment at the temperature of interest. The innovation of the present wor k is the non-destructive determination of these low H concentration profil es by neutron imaging\, achieving ~5 wt ppm H concentration and a spatial resolution of ~25 um x 5mm x 10 mm. Experiments have been performed on spe cimens produced from Zircaloy-2 and Zr2.5%Nb rolled plates having differen t metallurgical conditions. Diffusion coefficients have been measured alon g the rolling and transverse directions of the plates at temperatures of 2 50°C\, 300°C\, and 350°C. Zircaloy-2 results agree well with literature values within typical uncertainties reported in the literature (~30%)\, a nd presented little variation with direction and metallurgical condition. On the other hand\, Zr2.5%Nb shows larger diffusion coefficients\, with co nsiderable variations depending on the metallurgical condition of the plat e and the direction of H diffusion.\n\nhttps://events01.synchrotron.org.au /event/70/contributions/1553/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1553/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:High-resolution neutron depolarization microscopy of the ferromagn etic transitions in Ni3Al and HgCr2Se4 by using Wolter mirrors DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180906T011000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180906T013000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-1552@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Michael Schulz (Technische Universität München\, H einz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum)\nImaging with polarized neutrons has in recen t years increasingly gathered interest due to its ability to visualize bul k magnetic properties and magnetic fields in 2D and 3D. Currently the spat ial resolution of typical setups is limited to ~500µm by the space consum ed by the polarization analyzer which needs to be placed between sample an d detector. This increases the minimum sample to detector distance which i s achievable and results in such mediocre spatial resolution.\nTo obtain h igher spatial resolution\, we employed a novel neutron microscope equipped with Wolter mirrors as a neutron image-forming lens and a focusing neutro n guide as a neutron condenser lens at the instrument ANTARES at FRM II. T he Wolter optic creates a magnified image of the sample at the detector po sition while at the same time removing the general requirement in neutron imaging to place the sample as close as possible to the detector. With the current prototype Wolter mirrors we could achieve a magnification factor of four and a spatial resolution of ~100µm was reached. The spatial resol ution was in our case mainly limited by the surface quality of the employe d neutron optical mirrors in the prototype optic and we see potential for the improvement by another order magnitude.\nTo demonstrate the potential of the technique we performed spatially resolved bulk imaging of ferromagn etic transitions in Ni3Al and HgCr2Se4 crystals. These neutron depolarizat ion measurements discovered magnetic inhomogeneities in the ferromagnetic transition temperature with spatial resolution of about 100 μm. \nThe ima ges of Ni3Al show that the sample does not homogeneously go through the fe rromagnetic transition. The improved resolution allowed us to identify a d istribution of small grains with slightly off-stoichiometric composition. Additionally\, neutron depolarization imaging experiments on the chrome sp inel\, HgCr2Se4\, under high pressures up to 15 kbar highlight the advanta ges of the new technique especially for small samples or sample environmen ts with restricted sample space. The improved spatial resolution enables t o observe domain formation in the sample while decreasing the acquisition time despite having a bulky pressure cell in the beam.\n\nhttps://events01 .synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1552/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1552/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Permeability changes when using waste materials to generate acid r esistant mortars\, neutron investigations. DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180906T000000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180906T002000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-1555@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Malcolm Clark (Southern Cross Geoscience)\nCements ( mortars and concrete) are\, despite their wide spread use\, susceptible to chemical attack and weathering. Cements are particularly susceptible to acid attack\, which leaches Ca and Al from the cement paste and lowers pas te pH\, thereby weakening the cement matrix. Similarly\, sulfate in water s can also interact with the cement matrix [1\,2]\, where several reaction s occur. Firstly\, sulfate reacts with Ca in the system to precipitate gy psum\, which removes the Ca from the primary role of forming Calcium-alumi nates\, and -silicates that provide the cement strength. Secondly\, sulfa te may interact with the aluminate in the cement to form a Calcium-alumino -sulfate (ettringite) [1\,2]. Ettringite\, is a low-density mineral (1.8 g /cm3)\, hence when higher-density cement minerals (2.2 g/cm3) are mobilise d to form a low-density ettringite\, cement expansion and cracking occurs. Therefore\, ettringite formation weakens the cement paste\, and rapidly deteriorates cement (mortar and concrete) performance and life expectancy. Consequently\, in sulfate-rich areas such as acid sulfate soils\, seawat ers\, and many saline soil environments\, specialist cements are often req uired that circumvent the sulfate attack [1\,2].\n\nHowever\, waste materi als like coal fly-ashes\, high-pH bauxite refinery residues\, blast furnac e slags\, have been suggested for incorporation often substituting cementi ng (pozzolanic) materials\, or have been suggested as pore fillers\, such as meta-kaolin\, to prevent sulfate penetration [2]. We looked at two lar ge volume waste materials\, seawater neutralised bauxite refinery residues (Bauxsol™) and high temperature co-generation sugar cane bagasse ash (S CBA)\, in mortars. Both waste materials when used as sand replacements in the mortar\, improved the acid resistance\, including strength retention\ , and decreased spalling. However\, neutron imaging indicates that while Bauxsol™ decreased permeability\, SCBA increased permeability consistent with chloride ingress testing [3]. Laser ablation inductively coupled pl asma mass spectrometry showed limited sulfate penetration to mortars conta ining Bauxsol™\, while XRD and visual inspections showed surface deposit ions of acidic sulfato-salt (e.g.\, alunogen\, Jarosite-like minerals\, an d iron hydroxy sulfates [green-rusts]) [1\,2]. Data collected would there fore suggest that Bauxsol™ incorporations within the mortars actively wo rked to decrease sulfate ingress\, restricting gypsum and/or ettringite fo rmation through pore-blocking\, which may or may not have been accompanied by shifts in cement paste chemistry. Whereas\, SCBA inclusion within mor tar mixes\, although increasing permeability\, increased sulfate resistanc e most likely through a shift in cement chemistry away from Ca-aluminates (e.g.\, tricalcium aluminate\; C3A) toward Ca-silicates (e.g.\, di-calcium silicate\; C2S)\, despite the deactivation of silica within the SCBA from the high burn temperatures [3\,4]. Unfortunately\, for both SCBA and Bau xsol™ the XRD evidence on cement chemistry shifts remain inconclusive.\n \n[1] Tamsin\, (2018) MSc by Research Thesis\, Southern Cross University\; 191pp.\n[2] Barbhuiya\, et al. (2011) Pro. Instit. Civil Engs. Constr. Ma ts.\, 164(5)\, 241-250.\n[3] Arif\, et al. (2016) Constr. Build. Mats.\, 1 28\, 287-297.\n[4] Clark\, et al.\, (2017) Helyion\, WM-16-2446\, 04/04/20 17\n\nhttps://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1555/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1555/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Functional 3D structures made by adidtive manufacturing DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180905T234000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180906T000000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-1550@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Jun Ding (National University of Singapore)\nAdditiv e manufacturing (3D printing) provides a new freedom in materials design. In our recent research work\, metallic and ceramic structures have been p repared by different 3D printing techniques including selective laser melt ing\, extrusion and digital light projection. X-ray CT and Neutron CT has been used for structural examination. In combination of wet-chemical pro cesses (thermal decomposition and electroplating)\, catalyst materials hav e been coated on the surface of 3D structures for various applications. H igh oxygen evolution reaction (OER) performance has been observed indicati ng the great potential of 3D printing in fabrication of highly efficient c atalyst electrode.\n\nhttps://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contrib utions/1550/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1550/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Materials Research at CONRAD-2/HZB: Recent Developments and Outloo k DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180905T232000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180905T234000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-1657@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Ingo Manke (Helmholtz Centre Berlin for Materials an d Energy (HZB))\nIn recent years\, the rapid development of neutron imagin g methods by the operators of neutron sources and their users has triggere d a tremendous improvement of both spatial and time resolution and further more the implementation of techniques that utilise new contrast mechanisms . Such developments have now become standard methods for many research fie lds in materials science. The range of current and potential applications is broad\, including general materials research – with a particular emph asis on the area of materials and systems related to the generation and us e of renewable energy – but also examples from biology\, palaeontology\, and cultural heritage and specific engineering materials. One important c atalyst for the further improvement of neutron imaging techniques is the r apidly increasing demand for non-destructive and non-invasive in-situ and operando investigations of materials and devices that are used for energy supply\, such as batteries and fuel cells. Here\, the properties and the o peration characteristics of the related materials and devices are often cl osely connected to the distribution and movement of light elements such as lithium and hydrogen. Due to their intrinsic properties\, neutrons penetr ate deeply into most common metallic materials while they have a high sens itivity to light elements such as hydrogen\, hydrogenous substances or lit hium. This makes neutrons perfectly suited probes for research on material s that are used for energy storage and conversion. In this contribution an overview to recent developments and activities at the CONRAD-2/V7 facilit y at Helmholtz Centre Berlin (HZB) will be provided. Technical development s on various fields will be presented\, e.g. methods based on Bragg-edge i maging and dual-mode imaging\, and data quantification techniques. Applica tions on energy-related materials research\, employing in-situ techniques will be shown. Finally an outlook on the future of these activities at Hel mholtz Centre Berlin will be provided.\n\nhttps://events01.synchrotron.org .au/event/70/contributions/1657/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1657/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Bragg-edge Neutron Strain Tomography DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180905T230000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180905T232000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-1651@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Alexander Gregg (University of Newcastle Australia)\ , Christopher Wensrich (University of Newcastle\, Australia)\nBragg-edge r esidual strain tomography has been achieved for the first time in general two-dimensional systems. This approach allows the reconstruction of detai led stress and strain distributions within polycrystalline solids from set s of Bragg-edge transmission strain images. \n\nIn contrast with traditi onal scalar tomography\, this problem is ill-posed due to an issue surroun ding the uniqueness of solutions - infinitely many strain fields can give rise to the same set of Bragg-edge images. Work over the last decade has provided some solutions to this problem for a limited number of special ca ses. Our approach to this problem was to develop a reconstruction algori thm for arbitrary systems based on a least squares process constrained by equilibrium.\n\nThis presentation will outline this approach and provide d etails of an experimental demonstration on two samples using data from the RADEN instrument at the J-PARC spallation neutron source in Japan. Valid ation of the resulting reconstructions is provided through a comparison to conventional constant wavelength strain measurements carried out on the K OWARI engineering diffractometer within ANSTO in Australia.\n\nhttps://eve nts01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1651/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1651/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:‘Neutron Microscope’ instrument at PSI – recent upgrades and the first users experiments DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180905T065000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180905T071000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-1528@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Pavel Trtik (Paul Scherrer Institut)\nThe high resol ution neutron imaging instrument (‘Neutron Microscope’) at the Paul Sc herrer Institut (PSI) allows for neutron imaging down to 5 micrometres spa tial resolution (Trtik & Lehmann\, 2016). The transferrable nature of the instrument allows for its use at different beamlines of SINQ (namely at I CON\, POLDI\, BOA) and also at other neutron sources. The recent advances in both the spatial resolution and the available light output of the high- resolution scintillator screens based on highly isotopically enriched 157- gadolinium oxysulfide will be presented. On the top of the instrumental up grades\, the examples of the results of the recent user investigations wil l be presented. The authors list of this presentation will be amended acco rdingly with respect to the presented users’ applications.\n\nhttps://ev ents01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1528/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1528/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Designing a Fast-Gated Scintillator-Based Neutron and Gamma Imagin g System DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180905T063000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180905T065000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-1541@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Verena Geppert-Kleinrath (Los Alamos National Labora tory)\nThe Los Alamos National Laboratory Advanced Imaging Team is designi ng two novel neutron and gamma imaging systems being built to image inerti al confinement fusion processes at the National Ignition Facility. While the immediate application of the design is in fusion diagnostics\, the les sons learned will be transferable to any fast-gated radiographic imaging s ystem. The stringent requirements for the detectors include sub-millimeter spatial resolution\, sufficient cross section to allow neutron imaging at 10^6 neutrons/ cm^2 in total\, efficient light collection\, and stable no ise properties. Since the systems will be gated to allow the collection of frames at different neutron energies\, fast scintillator timing character istics in the nanosecond range and minimal secondary decay are a must. A c omprehensive study of scintillator materials at two different neutron sour ces\, the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center and the OMEGA laser facility i n Rochester\, NY\, have influenced key design decisions. The recently conc luded experimental campaigns have shown the benefits of lens-coupled monol ithic scintillator systems over pixelated fiber arrays. Ongoing work inclu des the custom design of telecentric large aperture lenses required for th e novel systems.\n\nhttps://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contribut ions/1541/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1541/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Large area MCP-based neutron imagers DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180905T061000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180905T063000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-1520@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Serge Duarte Pinto (Photonis)\nNeutron imaging detec tors based on neutron-sensitive microchannel plates (MCPs) were constructe d and tested at beamlines of thermal and cold neutrons. The MCPs are made of a glass mixture containing enriched boron and natural gadolinium\, whic h makes the bulk of the MCP an efficient neutron converter. Contrary to t he neutron-sensitive scintillator screens normally used in neutron imaging \, spatial resolution is not traded off with detection efficiency. While the best neutron imaging scintillators have a detection efficiency around a percent\, a detection efficiency of around 50% for thermal neutrons an d 70% for cold neutrons has been demonstrated with these MCPs earlier. \n\ nIn our tests we coupled a neutron-sensitive MCP to a phosphor screen whic h was read by a low-noise CMOS camera. Images of a gadolinium test mask de signed for this purpose show a limiting resolution of about 50 μm. We wil l show images and tomographic reconstructions made with thermal and cold n eutrons. \n\nA first prototype of this concept had a modest size of 40 mm active diameter. A new unit is now available with a 100×100 mm² active area. This detector does not have the limitations in rate capability and a ctive area coverage that are seen in imaging detectors with electronic rea dout structures\, while being orders of magnitude more sensitive than othe r detectors with optical readout like scintillators. Also the afterglow kn own from neutron imaging scintillation screens is completely absent.\n\nTh e phenomenal detection efficiency over the large active area will change the field of neutron tomography. Where nowadays it is common to acquire ~ 800 projections in about a day of exposure\, our detector can complete thi s in about an hour. The fact that many times less neutron flux is integra ted to attain a certain image quality also means that samples activate les s\, proportionally to exposure time. Rare artifacts and valuable museum pi eces can be imaged and still return to their owner. Small\, low power nucl ear reactors running on conventional low-enriched uranium become suitable neutron sources for imaging. The images in this study taken at the researc h reactor in Delft are a case in point. We are exploring the possibility o f neutron imaging with neutron generators\, which may take neutron imaging from large scale user facilities to labs in academia and industry.\n\nhtt ps://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1520/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1520/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Neutron imaging of Li-ion batteries with fission and thermal neutr ons DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180905T053000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180905T055000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-1537@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Samantha Zimnik (Karlsruhe Institute of Technology\, Institute for Applied Materials - Energy Storage Systems)\nNeutron imagin g provides outstanding sensitivity to light elements\, e.g. high contrasts between hydrogen containing materials and metals. The neutron imaging fac ility NECTAR at MLZ regularly uses a fission neutron spectrum with a mean energy of 1.9MeV. These high energy neutrons allow insight in large object s of up to several ten centimeters with a high selective contrast for hydr ogen. In contrast thermal neutrons with a mean energy at 28meV show lower penetration power but provide a much better spatial resolution. A combinat ion of these data will benefit from the even more selective contrast for h ydrogen provided by fission neutrons\, while thermal neutrons will serve t o reach higher spatial resolution for structure materials surrounding the hydrogen containing materials. Therefore an upgrade of the instrument is c urrently ongoing to make both neutron energy ranges available at a single setup and benefit from their respective advantages to follow the electroly te distribution inside lithium-ion batteries during operation.\nThe therma l neutron beam option is funded by German Federal Ministry of Education an d Research in the frame of research project 05K16VK3.\n\nhttps://events01. synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1537/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1537/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Phase Grating Moire Interferometry DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180905T045000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180905T051000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-1565@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Dusan Sarenac (University of Waterloo)\nIn this talk I will present our work on developing far-field moire neutron interferome try at the National Institute of Standards and Technology's Center for Neu tron Research. We have successfully built a two phase-grating moire interf erometer and employed it for phase contrast imaging. This novel technique allows for broad wavelength acceptance and relaxed requirements related to fabrication and alignment\, circumventing the main obstacles associated w ith perfect crystal neutron interferometry. In addition we provide the fir st demonstration that a neutron far-field interferometer can be employed t o measure the microstructure of a sample. It is possible to measure the mi crostructure in the length scale range of 100 nm to 100 um by varying the grating spacing. Lastly\, I will talk about our demonstration of a three p hase-grating neutron interferometer and its promising application to accu rately measure big G\, the Newtonian constant of gravitation.\n\nhttps://e vents01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1565/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1565/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Holography with a neutron interferometer DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180905T043000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180905T045000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-1567@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Dusan Sarenac (University of Waterloo)\nIn 1948 Denn is Gabor introduced the technique of “holography” where an image of an object is reconstructed by using a far-field electron micrograph of the o bject as a transmission mask for visible light. The development of coheren t laser light sources in the 1960s vitalized the field to a degree that op tical security holograms are now a standard feature of many paper currenci es\, credit cards\, and identification documents. We have reported the fir st demonstration of holography using neutron beams and macroscopic objects . The high penetrating ability of neutrons allows our holograms to provide details about the inner structure of objects which ordinary laser light-b ased visual holograms cannot. Neutron holography is a new enabling tool fo r interferometric testing of materials\, with a unique usefulness in the a nalysis of buried interfaces. In addition\, the same experimental configur ation can be used for the characterization of coherence of neutron beams.\ n\nhttps://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1567/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1567/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Development of a Line-Pair Gauge and Standard Test Method for Meas uring Basic Spatial Resolution of Neutron Imaging Systems DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180905T041000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180905T043000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-1561@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Aaron Craft (Idaho National Laboratory)\nStandards a re required for commercial and quality-controlled processes. All current s tandards for neutron radiography are intended for use with film\, but ther e are currently no standards that technically apply to modern digital neut ron radiography systems. Trends in the neutron imaging community show a mo ve towards digital systems that have many advantages compared to tradition al film neutron radiography methods. Digital neutron imaging systems are w idely used for research applications with great success. Unfortunately\, t he lack of applicable standards has hindered use of modern digital neutron imaging systems for industrial applications. Standards that apply to digi tal systems would allow use of advanced digital systems for commercial app lications that require quality control with standards.\n\nMembers of the A merican Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) E07.05 Committee for Neut ron Radiography are developing a standard test method and device for measu ring basic spatial resolution and total image unsharpness that would apply to any neutron imaging system. Line pair gauges\, such as the duplex-wire gauge described in ASTM E2002\, are image quality indicators frequently e mployed in x-ray and gamma radiography to establish basic spatial resoluti on. The ability to discern two closely spaced lines on the images of the d evice is related to the image unsharpness and basic spatial resolution of the imaging setup. Current efforts to develop a line-pair gauge are based on the same approach used in ASTM E2002\, but with materials suitable for use with neutrons instead of x-rays. \n\nThe E07.05 Committee composed an initial testing procedure\, and prototype line-pair gauges were designed a nd fabricated for validation studies to determine the suitability of this device as a new ASTM standard. The proposed method accommodates neutron im ages produced with any neutron image acquisition method using neutron beam lines with cold or thermal neutron spectra. It would cost nearly the same as the sensitivity indicator and beam purity indicator devices described in ASTM E545\, which are already in wide use in the neutron imaging commun ity. The gauge is small (25 mm by 50 mm) to maximize the field-of-view ava ilable for objects being examined. The gauge uses gadolinium to absorb neu trons on a 3-mm thick substrate of relatively neutron-transparent glass\, with the line pairs laser etched from the gadolinium. Measurements using t he gauge are easy and straightforward to perform\, yet provide meaningful image quality information. \n\nThe committee has completed the first set o f round robin testing\, which included multiple facilities with a wide ran ge of imaging systems. Each facility acquired images using the test proced ure and provided the resulting radiographs to the committee along with com ments and input for improvements. Overall\, the approach seems promising\, and a second prototype is being designed based on lessons learned in the first round robin tests.\n\nhttps://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/c ontributions/1561/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1561/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Applications of Fast Neutron Radiography to Fluid Flow and Tumblin g Media DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180905T035000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180905T041000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-1571@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Graham Daniels (The South African Nuclear Energy Cor poration)\nThis investigation highlights the use of fast neutron radiograp hy (FNR) as a technique to determine the intrinsic properties of dynamic m edia. \nThe inherent property of sand\, the hydraulic conductivity\, is de termined using the constant head method. Through the attenuation of the fa st neutrons by water\, we see the evolution of the water front with time a nd determine important parameters from the radiographs. These parameters a re employed into Darcy's law and Gardner's equation for the calculation of the hydraulic conductivity which shows how fast neutron radiography can y ield unique information of the live process of water absorption through sa nd. \nThe high penetrability of fast neutrons is also used to determine t he steady state of dynamic flow of grinding media within a tumbling mill. Tumbling mills are a pivotal part of the communition process\, enabling on e to increase the surface area of materials as well as releasing entrapped materials from the crush casing. The shape of the internal mill charge du ring its dynamic flow can be used to calculate important mill parameters\, which are used to infer the optimal speed for the best communition of the mill charge. Key aspects of the motion of the mill charge in a rotation p hase\, help one obtain the optimal rotation speed required for maximum com munition. Fast neutron radiography (FNR) is used to obtain the parameters related to the best grinding conditions\n\nhttps://events01.synchrotron.or g.au/event/70/contributions/1571/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1571/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Epithermal neutron radiography and tomography on large and strongl y scattering samples DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180905T033000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180905T035000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-1562@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Burkhard Schillinger (Heinz Maier-Leibniz-Institut ( FRM II) \, TU München)\, Aaron Craft (Idaho National Laboratory)\nWhile n eutron imaging with thermal and cold neutrons has become a standard method at many neutron facilities world-wide\, little research has been done on epithermal neutron imaging with electronic detectors. Indirect methods wit h dysprosium foils and film or imaging plates have been used for the exami nation of nuclear fuel at Idaho National Laboratory (INL) and other places \, but a fully digital imaging system has rarely been employed beyond simp le cadmium-filtered radiography.\nIn a collaboration between INL in the US A and Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ) of Technische Universität Münc hen in Germany\, several tests were conducted with a cadmium-filtered beam . At INL\, the Neutron Radiography Reactor (NRAD) is optimized for high ep ithermal neutron output with a beam tube source position in close contact to the reactor core. At MLZ\, the primarily cold and thermal energy spectr um of the ANTARES neutron imaging facility still contains sufficient epith ermal neutrons that penetrate the undermoderated cold source to allow for reasonable measuring times with a cadmium-filtered beam.\nMeasurements inc lude the effects of thermalizing epithermal neutrons in a heavily scatteri ng sample\, which can be removed by a second cadmium filter on the detecto r\, and the first full epithermal neutron computed tomography on large tec hnical samples in direct comparison to cold neutron tomography with the sa me setup without filters. Several examples of epithermal neutron imaging a re included.\n\nhttps://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions /1562/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1562/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:WCNR-12 Presentation DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180905T013000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180905T023000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-2053@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/205 3/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/2053/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Fission Neutron Tomography of a 280-L Waste Package DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180905T011000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180905T013000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-1517@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Thomas Bücherl (Technische Universität München)\, Christoph Lierse von Gostomski (Technische Universität München)\nFor th e non-destructive characterization of radioactive waste packages for the d eclaration or verification of their radioactive inventory\, well-establish ed passive and active methods are applied. These are mainly based on gamma -spectroscopic emission measurements (segmented gamma scanning)\, gamma-tr ansmission measurements (e.g. radiography and tomography) using an externa l Co-60 source or accelerator\, neutron emission counting with time correl ation analysis to distinguish between neutrons originating from spontaneou s fission or (alpha\,n) events\, respectively\, and neutron interrogation techniques inducing fission events. Tomography using fission neutrons\, bo th in transmission and emission mode\, is not applied on waste packages\, yet.\nIn a recent feasibility study [2] it was demonstrated that fission n eutron radiography of 200-l (radioactive) waste drums is possible at NECTA R [1]. In a subsequent step\, the study is extended on tomographic investi gation of 200-l and one 280-l mock-up waste drums. The latter contained a 200-l drum with a mixture of supercompacted waste in the bottom and raw wa ste in the upper part. The result of this 3D-tomography is compared with t he corresponding one using an external Co-60 transmission source.\nIn furt her experiments at NECTAR\, the influence on the resulting images in radio graphic measurements were investigated for additional strong AmBe-neutron sources being present in the waste packages. These results will give infor mation on possible artefacts in tomographic reconstructions caused by inte rnal neutron sources in the radioactive waste packages.\nResults of these measurements will be presented and discussed. In a final conclusion\, the applicability of fission neutron tomography\, its specific characteristics \, the limitations and a critical comparison with the well-established Co- 60 gamma-transmission tomography for the non-destructive characterization of radioactive waste packages will be presented.\n\n[1] NECTAR: Heinz Maie r-Leibnitz Zentrum. (2015). NECTAR: Radiography and tomography station usi ng fission neutrons. Journal of large-scale research facilities\, 1\, A19. http://dx.doi.org/10.17815/jlsrf-1-45\n[2] T. Bücherl\, O. Kalthoff\, Ch . Lierse von Gostomski\, A feasibility study on reactor based fission neut ron radiography of 200-l waste packages\, Physics Procedia 88 (2017) 64 – 72.\n\nhttps://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1517 / LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1517/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Fibre-optics taper for high resolution neutron imaging DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180905T000000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180905T002000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-1518@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Manuel Morgano (Paul Scherrer Institut)\nThe increas ed demand of high-resolution neutron imaging has not been followed by a co rrespondingly increased availability of high-resolution options\, due to t he technical challenges and high costs of designing and manufacturing such systems. Neutron flux limitations are also a key factor that hinders the adoption of traditional high resolution solutions.\nTo overcome this situa tion and to open up the possibility to perform high resolution investigati ons to a larger number of facilities (thus widening the pool of potential users by this increased availability)\, we propose the use of a fibre opti cs taper as add-on to existing standard-resolution systems [1].\nA fibre o ptics taper is a bundle of tapering optical fibres that are bunched togeth er to preserve their relative arrangement. Such a device can transport lig ht from one end to the other very efficiently\, while providing a substant ial magnification of the incoming image.\nBy constructing a suitable holde r that attaches to the existing imaging setup to one end and to a high-res olution scintillator to the other (figure 1)\, one can achieve spatial res olutions of 20 μm with relative ease\, while keeping the counting time lo w due to the high transport efficiency.\nSub-20 μm resolutions have also been achieved with such a system by using zoom lenses and\, by employing a specially designed 157-Gd enriched scintillator\, resolutions approaching 10 μm have been measured.\nIn this presentation we will show the results of our systematic investigations regarding achievable resolution\, confor mality of the recorded images and light transport efficiency and we will d iscuss about shortcomings and advantages of such a setup.\nIn the second p art of the presentation\, we will show a use case of such a setup\, outlin ing the reasons why the taper was used and presenting the results obtained by such investigation.\n\n![Left: Schematics of the taper imaging setup\, with an optical image of the constituent fibres\nRight: A photo of the ta per in the mounting part of its housing. The green part that protrudes out is the small end of the taper\n][1]\n\n[1] M. Morgano\, et. al.\, "Unlock ing high spatial resolution in neutron imaging through an add-on fibre opt ics taper\," Opt. Express 26\, 1809-1816 (2018)\n\n\n [1]: https://photos .app.goo.gl/wOtcW0A1k8eZyjJ22\n\nhttps://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event /70/contributions/1518/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1518/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Modern Detector Concepts for Fast-Neutron Radiography DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180904T234000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180905T000000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-1533@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Florian Reisenhofer (RWTH Aachen University)\nThe pr esented topic is part project PERTINaX (periodic testing by imaging with n eutrons in addition to X-rays) which has started in November 2016. The pro ject is funded by the German Federal Ministry of Economic Affairs and Ener gy (BMWi) under the funding code 1501534 and continues work and research d one in the project NISRA (neutron imaging system for radioactive waste ana lysis) [1].\nAim of the PERTINaX project is the development of a mobile fa st-neutron radiography system which can be combined with neutron activatio n analysis for non-destructive testing of high density and shielded compon ents. A neutron generator from Adelphi Technology\, Inc.\, which emits fas ts neutrons (2.45 MeV neutrons) with a neutron yield of 1E9 neutrons/sec w ill be used in combination with a detector system that is currently under development.\n\nDetector system - scintillator materials\n---------------- ------------------------\n\nThe main task of PERTINaX is the development o f a detector system that offers sufficient spatial resolution. Different s cintillator materials in combination with Silicon Photomultipliers (SiPMs) for read out will be used.\nIn an environment where γ-radiation is prese nt\, γ-fogging of taken neutron radiographs is a known problem due to the fact that most scintillator materials are also sensitive to γ-radiation. Organic scintillators like trans-stilbene\, plastic scintillators like EJ -276 or liquid scintillators\, e.g. EJ-301 from Eljen Technology [2]\, all ow pulse-shape-discrimination (PSD) which can be used to distinguish betwe en γ- and neutron radiation and therefore to reduce γ-fogging. Stilbene- compound scintillators (investigated by Seung Kyu Lee et al. [3]) or liqui d scintillators filled in matrices of thin glass capillaries represent ano ther alternatives.\n\nScintillator readout via SiPM\n--------------------- --------\n\nApplying PSD requires detectors which can provide timing infor mation. Furthermore the detector should have a spatial resolution in the r ange of mm². Therefore\, SiPM arrays which are combining these properties can be used for the scintillator read out. Such arrays are currently used in positron emission tomographs for instance. Appropriate analogue and di gital electronics for signal read out\, especially for digitizing the sign als and applying PSD to a large number of cells resp. pixels is under deve lopment.\n\nNeutron radiography and neutron activation analysis\n--------- ---------------------------------------------------------------\n\nNeutron radiography can be used to specify the geometry/homogenity of specimen su ch as closed barrels for radioactive waste that often contain radiation sh ields or hydrogen containing materials. The presence of shielding componen ts leads to large uncertainties for neutron activation analysis. These com ponents can be identified (structural information) with neutron radiograph y. Their influence on parameters such as neutron- self- shielding factors or neutron flux could then be used to improve the results of the neutron a ctivation analysis.\n\n*[1] J. Kettler et al.\, NISRA Abschlussbericht\, 2 015.*\n*[2] http://eljentechnology.com/products/liquid-scintillators/ej-30 1-ej-309 (Apr 2018)*\n*[3] Seung Kyu Lee et al.\, Scintillation Properties of Composite Stilbene Crystal for Neutron Detection\, in: Progress in N UCLEAR SCIENCE and TECHNOLOGY\, Vol. 1\, p.292-295\, 2011.*\n\nhttps://eve nts01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1533/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1533/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Development of a compact accelerator-based pulsed neutron source a nd simulation of the neutron beam performance and Bragg edge imaging DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180904T232000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180904T234000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-1542@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Koichi Kino (Innovative Structural Materials Associa tion (ISMA)\, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Techn ology (AIST))\nWe have been developing a compact accelerator-based pulsed neutron source at the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science an d Technology (AIST) in Tsukuba\, Japan. The main purpose of this neutron s ource is to analyze structural materials of automobiles and other transpor tation vehicles nondestructively by means of the high penetration power of neutron beams. We plan to focus on Bragg edge imaging because it can prov ide images of crystalline strain\, phase\, size\, orientation etc. which w ill be useful for the development of innovative materials and their joinin g techniques. The key parameters required for using Bragg edge imaging eff ectively are the neutron flux and wavelength resolution at a sample positi on. In order to optimize the flux and resolution to the highest values pos sible for a compact neutron source\, we designed a dedicated accelerator\, neutron source\, and beam line. The flight path length of the neutron bea m is 8 m. A solid methane decoupled neutron moderator was chosen. A linear electron accelerator was adopted and the pulse width of the electron beam is less than 10 microseconds. These choices make possible a neutron wavel ength resolution of about 0.6 %. To obtain a high neutron flux\, the repet ition rate of the electron accelerator is 100 Hz and the maximum power of the electron beam is about 10 kW. We are performing Monte-Carlo simulation s to estimate the performance of the neutron beam for these parameters. Th e simulations suggest a neutron flux of about 11\,000 1/cm2/s for thermal neutrons and a neutron wavelength resolution of about 0.6 % at the sample position is possible. In this presentation\, we will introduce the compact accelerator-based pulsed neutron source at AIST\, which is now under cons truction\, and our estimates of the neutron beam performance and Bragg edg e imaging examples obtained by Monte-Carlo simulations.\nThis presentation is based on results obtained from a project commissioned by the New Energ y and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO).\n\nhttps://ev ents01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1542/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1542/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Energy resolved imaging using the GP2 detector: progress in instru mentation\, methods and data analysis DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180904T230000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180904T232000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-1523@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: D.E Pooley (STFC)\nWe report on the continued develo pment of the ‘GP2’ detector [ 1 ]\, highlighting a selection of energy resolved measurements and associated methodology. GP2 is a 100k pixel tim e-of-flight (ToF) neutron camera\, which combines a gadolinium converter f ilm and a CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) readout sensor [ 2 ]. This paper is separated into three categories\; (1) detector optimiz ation and integration into the Imaging and Materials diffractometer (IMAT) [ 3 ] (2) method development using sample environment and (3) the ensuing data reduction and analysis. \n\nThe process of taking an R&D detector in to the user program of IMAT is briefly described. Recently the GP2 detecto r has been integrated with the IMAT control software\, achieved via the ‘Experimental Physics and Industrial Control System’ (EPICS) [ 4 ]\, w hich means that the detector is controlled and operated from the ISIS ‘I BEX’ environment [ 5 ]. This ensures that the experimental run-time is s ynchronized\, all instrument parameters are recorded (such as beamline mon itors) and that data is archived. IMAT changes imaging detectors via a rob ot arm\, for which bespoke mechanics have been commissioned. Improvements to the detector neutron efficiency via isotopically enriched gadolinium wi ll also be discussed. \n\nGP2 has been used to perform the first low tempe rature imaging study on IMAT. Characterization measurements of the CCR (cl osed cycle refrigeration) sample environment and energy resolved measureme nts from samples which undergo phase changes at low temperatures will be r eported.\n\nThe ToF spectrum recorded in each pixel of the detector provid es much more information in addition to the macroscopic cross section. Uni que physical parameters can be extracted via feature parameterization\; fi tting a Bragg edge for texture or strain for example. A complete parameter ization\, a Rietveld refinement in transmission\, is usually an under-dete rmined problem and requires good prior knowledge of the sample. Here we hi ghlight methods of contrast enhancement and feature extraction that do not require prior knowledge of the composition of sample or extensive fitting . These methods of contrast-enhancement simply require the existence of un ique features in the ToF spectra. The effectiveness of methods like princi pal component analysis and energy-band division are of course limited by ‘how different’ the ToF is across the pixels. However\, these methods offer a simple ‘online’ analysis. Their immediate benefit is to distin guish features that in a white-beam image (integrated in ToF/energy) would ‘accidently’ have had the same grey value due to their combination of path length\, density and cross section being similar despite their ToF b eing different. One example is shown in figure (left)\, where the white be am image does not discriminate between the alternating austenite/martensit e nuts\, on a martensitic bolt. By choosing an appropriate weighting schem e the materials can be separated resulting in the three distinct grey-valu es shown in figure (right).\n![Nut and bolt radiographs. Left: White beam (integrated) image Right: Image using ToF weighting.][1]\n\n1. D. E. Poole y\, et al.\, IEEE TNS\, vol. 64\, no. 12\, p. 2970\, 2017 \n2. I. Sedgwic k\, et al.\, IEEE NEWCAS\, 2012\n3. T. Minniti\, et al.\, JINST\, vol. 13 \, p. C01039\, 2018\n4. epics.anl.gov \n5. isis.stfc.ac.uk/Pages/IBEX\n\n\ n [1]: https://s20.postimg.cc/xq15e8ki5/Nutandbolts.jpg\n\nhttps://events 01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1523/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1523/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Development of event-type neutron imaging detectors at the energy- resolved neutron imaging system RADEN at J-PARC DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180904T061000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180904T063000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-1548@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Joseph Parker (Comprehensive Research Organization f or Science and Society)\nAt the RADEN instrument [1]\, located at beam por t 22 of the high-intensity\, pulsed neutron source at the Materials and Li fe Science Experimental Facility at J-PARC in Japan\, we take advantage of the accurate measurement of neutron energy by time-of-flight to perform * energy-resolved neutron imaging*. By analyzing the two-dimensionally resol ved\, energy-dependent neutron transmission\, these techniques can image m acroscopic distributions of microscopic properties for bulk materials *in situ*\, including crystallographic structure (Bragg-edge transmission)\, n uclide-specific density and temperature distributions (resonance absorptio n)\, and internal/external magnetic fields (polarized neutron imaging). At RADEN\, we use advanced neutron imaging detectors based on cutting-edge t echnologies\, such as micropattern detectors and fast\, all-digital data a cquisition systems with Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs)\, to provid e event-by-event timing information with sub-µs resolution.\n\nTo better perform these measurements at RADEN\, we are continually working to improv e our event-type neutron imaging detectors for better spatial resolution a nd shorter measurement times and\, as a user facility\, to improve the eas e-of-use of their control and analysis software. In particular\, we are ac tively developing a micropattern detector known as the Micropixel chamber based Neutron Imaging Detector (µNID) [2]. The µNID uses a gaseous time projection chamber (TPC) with a micropixel chamber (µPIC) micropattern re adout. This 400-µm pitch\, two-dimensional strip readout is coupled to an FPGA-based data acquisition system designed for high-rate operation. Abso rption on 3He in the gas mixture facilitates neutron detection\, and the d etailed tracking and analysis of the reaction products in the TPC enables a fine spatial resolution. The µNID currently provides 100 µm spatial re solution with a 10 cm × 10 cm field of view\, 0.25 µs time resolution\, 26% detection efficiency for thermal neutrons\, ultra low gamma sensitivit y\, and an effective peak count rate of 1 Mcps [3]. We have recently redes igned the µNID control software to allow full integration into the automa ted experiment control system at RADEN\, and we are carrying out optimizat ion of the analysis algorithms for improved image quality and rate perform ance. We are also developing a new 215-µm pitch µPIC readout for improve d spatial resolution\, and a µNID with boron-based converter for increase d count rate via a much-reduced event size.\n\nIn this presentation\, we w ill give an overview of our detector development activities at RADEN and d iscuss in detail the present status of the µNID system. Demonstration mea surements for energy-resolved neutron imaging and preliminary results for the small-pitch µPIC and µNID with boron converter will also be shown.\n \nThis work was partially supported by the Momose Quantum Beam Phase Imagi ng Project\, ERATO\, JST (Grant No. JPMJER1403).\n\nReferences\n[1] T. Shi nohara et al.\, J. Phys.: Conf. Series\, **746**\, 012007 (2016).\n[2] J.D . Parker et al.\, Nucl. Instr. and Meth. A\, **726**\, 155 (2013).\n[3] J. D. Parker et al.\, 2016 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium\, Medical Imaging C onference and Room-Temperature Semiconductor Detector Workshop (NSS/MIC/RT SD)\, 1 (2017).\n\nhttps://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributi ons/1548/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1548/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:A preliminary experimental study on neutron holography technique a t CMRR DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180904T055000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180904T061000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-1531@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Chao Cao ()\nNeutron holography is an imaging techni que permitting the three-dimensional reconstruction of the micro-structure of the original sample by using monochrome neutron beam. Neutron holograp hy is able to penetrate deeply into matter with high resolution\, and is a pplicable to the micro-structure investigation of a wide variety of hydrog en-containing compounds and neutron-absorbing isotopes doping crystals\, I n contrast to X-ray and electron holography techniques which are based on similar principles\, the limited intensity of neutron source and the diffi culties on beam modulating create obstacle in neutron holography experimen ts\, thus the hardware and reconstruction methods need to be improved for wider applications. Neutron holography in China has not been studied yet l imited by the experimental condition.\n A systematic primary research o f neutron holography according to China Mianyang Research Reactor (CMRR) c ondition has been carried out\, including numerical simulation\, reconstru ction approaches\, critical experiment parameters. Recently a holography e xperiment of a Pd-H single crystal was carried out by using high resolutio n neutron diffractometer at CMRR. The results reveal the position of atomi c Pd nucleus in accordance with numerical simulations. Since the reconstru cted image quality is worse than expected due to limited efficiency and re cording time\, ways to improve the holographic image are discussed.\n T hese results will be helpful for future works on instrument construction a nd applications of neutron holography.\n\nhttps://events01.synchrotron.org .au/event/70/contributions/1531/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1531/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:First neutron computed tomography with digital neutron imaging sys tems in a high-radiation environment at the 250 kW Neutron Radiography Rea ctor at Idaho National Laboratory DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180904T053000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180904T055000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-1536@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Aaron Craft (Idaho National Laboratory)\nThe Neutron Radiography Reactor (NRAD) at Idaho National Laboratory (INL) was designe d for epithermal neutron radiography for examination of highly-radioactive irradiated nuclear fuel elements. Radioactive samples are remotely lowere d into the East and North Radiography Stations (ERS and NRS\, respectively )\, and a rail transfer system remotely positions radiography cassettes in to the detector position for indirect radiography. The indirect transfer m ethod with film has been used at NRAD for around forty years\, but recent efforts seek to develop digital camera-based neutron imaging systems. Two initial camera detector systems were built using an inexpensive but high-q uality scientific CMOS camera with robust shielding\, and tests were perfo rmed in collaboration with Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Institut of Technische Uni versität München. \n\nThe first tests were performed in 2017 in the NRAD ’s ERS using a 10 cm field-of-view camera-based system with an inexpensi ve scientific CMOS camera shielded by lead bricks and borated polyethylene plates. The camera and motor stages were controlled by a Raspberry Pi com puter. The first series of digital neutron images was successfully acquire d\, but radiation field was so high that the Raspberry Pi computer crashed after acquiring only 44 images despite being shielded behind a 10 cm laye r of lead bricks.\n\nA much improved camera box was designed based on less ons learned from the efforts in 2017\, which was constructed and installed in NRAD’s NRS in 2018. This imaging system included a two-mirror archit ecture with a longer optical path to reduce scattered radiation to the cam era\, more robust radiation shielding\, and a translation stage for remote focusing of the camera lens. A downscaled version of the ANTARES instrume nt control at MLZ was installed using a Laptop and three Raspberry Pi comp uters to control the imaging system components. The very first digital neu tron computed tomography at INL was successfully acquired\, consisting of 420 neutron radiographs acquired in 4 hours. These first tests with camera -based neutron imaging systems have demonstrated the potential to both inc rease the throughput of radiography by an order of magnitude and provide h igher quality spatial information with three-dimensional tomographic recon structions compared to two-dimensional radiographic projections\, which re present a significant improvement compared to current film radiography cap abilities.\n\nhttps://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1 536/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1536/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Comparative study: X-ray and neutron CT on a mummified votive offe ring DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180904T045000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180904T051000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-1503@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Carla Raymond (Macquarie University)\nThis study inv olved investigation of an unusual Egyptian votive mummy (IA.2402) of unkno wn age and provenance\, generously loaned by the Australian Institute of A rchaeology (AIA) in Melbourne\, Australia. The AIA was interested to learn more about the authenticity and contents of the mummified bundle\, while preserving the physical integrity of the object and causing as little dama ge as possible. The application of 3D imaging techniques was ideal to non- destructively study the object and still discover as much as possible abou t its contents. Using a combination of established and novel techniques: X -ray computed tomography (CT) and neutron CT provided valuable insight\, b oth individually and collectively\, revealing a partial animal skeleton\, and several layers of textile and padding. Use of both techniques allowed for complementary study of bones\, soft tissue\, and textile components. C ollaboration with a zooarchaeologist confirmed the animal remains to be a small\, juvenile feline. Neutron CT\, not yet routinely applied to archaeo metric studies of mummified remains\, provided insight into wrapping techn iques used in the mummification process of votive animal offerings. In add ition to these imaging studies\, pigment analysis was also performed on th e coloured markings on the wrappings. This was done using a scanning elect ron microscope (SEM) and Raman spectroscopy in order to determine their co mposition\, and to verify their authenticity. Radiocarbon dates were acqui red on samples taken from the external wrapping and the internal contents\ , revealing an age discrepancy between the two. This as a result is an exa mple of recycling votive offerings\, and sheds some light on the economic and religious climate in which the mummy was made and traded.\n\nhttps://e vents01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1503/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1503/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Neutron imaging\, a key scientific analytical tool for the Cultura l Heritage project at ANSTO DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180904T043000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180904T045000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-1507@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Filomena Salvemini (ACNS-ANSTO)\nA strategic scienti fic research project Cultural Heritage has been initiated at the Australia n Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO). The project aims to promote the access to the suite of nuclear methods available across the o rganisation\, and the use of a non-invasive analytical approach in the fie ld of cultural-heritage\, archaeology\, and conservation science. The late st scientific analytical tools\, which are available under the operation o f ANSTO\, including neutron-\, synchrotron- and accelerator-based techniqu es\, have been increasingly demanded for a wide range of applications to h eritage materials.\n\nNeutron Imaging (NI)\, in particular\, has become a valuable means for research in these fields. The fundamental properties of the neutron — no electric charge\, deep penetration power into matter\, and interaction with the nucleus of an atom rather than with the diffuse electron cloud —make this sub-atomic particle the ideal probe to survey the bulk of a variety of heritage materials\, such as metals\, pottery\, p aintings\, etc.\n\nIn collaboration with Australian museum institutions an d universities\, and international experts\, a series of forensic studies involving the neutron imaging beamline DINGO1 at the Australian Centre for Neutron Scattering (ACNS) will be showcased. NI was successfully used to characterise the structure\, morphology and composition of cultural herita ge objects without the need for sampling or invasive procedures. When inte grated by complementary methods\, NI data were able to shed light on the m ost advanced manufacturing processes developed by different cultures over time\, determine the authenticity of work of art or provide information on the conservation status.\n\nReferences\n1 Garbe\, U\; Randall\, T\; Hughe s\, C\; Davidson\, G\; Pangelis\, S and Kennedy\, SJ\, A New Neutron Radio graphy / Tomography / Imaging Station DINGO at OPAL\, Physics Procedia 69\ , 27-32 (2015)\n\nhttps://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributio ns/1507/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1507/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Imaging investigation of Chinese bimetallic sword fragment from 2n d-1st century BCE DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180904T041000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180904T043000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-1506@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Anna Fedrigo (Science and Technology Facilities Coun cil)\nScientific investigations and archaeometric studies have played a ma jor role in the field of archaeology\, especially with regard to materials transformed through human activity\, like metals. Metals are generally in vestigated through metallography and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM)\, which required sampling or surface preparation. Neutron techniques instead are able to provide the bulk properties of metals in a non-invasive way.\ nIn this work we present a neutron imaging study of a Chinese bimetallic s word fragment from 2nd-1st century BCE. In particular\, white beam Neutron Tomography (NT) and Neutron Resonance Transmission Analysis (NRTA) have b een applied\, using the IMAT and the INES beamlines of the ISIS pulsed neu tron source in the UK\, respectively.\nThe earliest example of bimetallic weapons in China dates as early as the Shang Dynasty (1600–1100 BCE)\, w here meteoric iron and bronze were combined to forge weapons [1]. With the discovery of iron smelting technology during the Spring and Autumn Period (770–473 BCE)\, bimetallic swords with bloomery iron and bronze became more common [2]. They have been found in many parts of central China.\nThe sword fragment investigated has an iron blade mounted on a studded bronze grip (probably for a twine binding) and a ricasso with three long spikes protruding on each side. The object resembles two published examples with similar form of hilts [3\, 4] listed as originating from burials investiga ted in the mountainous regions of Longpaozhai\, in the Min River Valley (C entral Sichuan)\, dating from the 2nd or 1st century BCE. Similar swords a re also found further north and may have been introduced from further west .\nNT allowed us to study the inner morphology of the sword\, revealing de tails of its conservation status and the forging and/or casting of the dif ferent components. NRTA provided a 2D map of the elemental composition of the artefact\, indicating the nature of the bronze alloy of the grip (whet her tin bronze\, leaded tin bronze\, or arsenical tin bronze) and of the i ron blade.\nThe study presented was complemented by Neutron Diffraction\, Neutron Resonance Capture Analysis (NRCA)\, and negative muons\, providing a full characterisation of the object in terms of alloy composition\, mic rostructural characterisation and elemental information\, in a non-destruc tive way.\n\n\n**References:**\n[1] http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDT OTAL-WWBF2002S1027.htm\n[2] IHTAN Derui\, 2002. Study on bimetallic bronze swords in ancient China\, *Sciences of Conservation and Archaeology\, The 69th WFC Paper*\n[3] M. Orioli\, 1994. Pastoralism and nomadism in South- West China: a brief survey of the archaeological evidence\, in *The Archae ology of the Steppes\, Methods and Strategies*\, papers from the Internati onal Symposium held in Naples 9-12 November 1992\, 87–108\n[4] *Kaogou X uebao* (*Acta Archaeologica Sinica*) 1977.2\n\nhttps://events01.synchrotro n.org.au/event/70/contributions/1506/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1506/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Comparison of crystallographic structures of Japanese swords in Mu romach and modern periods by using pulsed neutron imaging DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180904T035000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180904T041000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-1505@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Yoshiaki Kiyanagi (Nagoya University)\nJapanese swor ds are interesting cultural heritage from metallurgical point of view due to its peculiar characteristics. Its making process is not fully understoo d even now. Crystallographic information will be useful to understand met allurgical characteristics and to know making process. Non-destructive ana lysis is desired to obtain the crystallographic information for such valua ble samples. Neutrons are powerful tool to study metallic cultural heritag es due to their high penetrating power and capability to give crystallogra phic information [1]. Bragg edge imaging gives real-space distributions of bulk information in a crystalline material. In addition\, by analyzing po sition dependent Bragg edge spectra\, quantitative crystallographic inform ation can be obtained [2].\nThere were five traditional styles (Gokaden) o f Japanese sword-making in the Koto (old sword) age\; A.D. 987–1596. The crystallographic characteristics will depend on areas and ages of the swo rds. Therefore\, systematic study is recommended for comprehensive underst anding. As one of such researches\, we performed pulsed neutron imaging me asurements on three swords in Muromachi period (14~16 centuries)\, and one sword in modern period as a reference. \nThe experiments were performed at the Energy-Resolved Neutron Imaging System\, RADEN at J-PARC [3]. Each sword was measured at three places with a counting-type 2D detector. The t ransmission data were analyzed using RITS code [4]. Quenching area was mor e clearly observed in the modern sword than in the old ones. There was dif ference in distributions of lattice spacing. Detailed analysis results wil l be presented.\n\nAcknowledgement\n This work partially includes the res ult of ‘Collaborative Important Researches’ organized by JAEA\, QST a nd U. Tokyo.\n \nReferences\n[1] Salvemini\, F.\; Grazzi\, F.\, Peetermans \, S.\, Civita\, F.\, Franci\, R.\, Hartmann\, S.\, Lehmann\, E.\, Zoppi\, M. Quantitative characterization of Japanese ancient swords through energ y-resolved neutron imaging. J. Analytical Atomic Spectrometry 2012\, 27\, 1494-1501.\n[2] Shiota\, Y.\; Hasemi\, H.\; Kiyanagi\, Y. Crystallographic analysis of a Japanese sword by using Bragg edge transmission spectroscop y. Phys. Procedia 2017\, 88\, 128–133.\n[3] Shinohara\, T.\; Kai\, T.\; Oikawa\, K.\; Segawa\, M.\; Harada\, M.\; Nakatani\, T.\; Ooi\, M.\; Aizaw a\, K.\; Sato\, H.\; Kamiyama\, T.\; Yokota\, H.\, Sera\, T.\, Mochiki\, K .\, Kiyanagi\, Y. Final design of the Energy-Resolved Neutron Imaging Syst em “RADEN” at J-PARC. J. Phys. Conf. Ser. 2016\, 746\, 012007.\n[4] Sa to\, H.\; Kamiyama\, T.\; Kiyanagi\, Y. A Rietveld-type analysis code for pulsed neutron Bragg-edge transmission imaging and quantitative evaluation of texture and microstructure of a welded α-iron plate. Mater. Trans. 20 11\, 52\, 1294–1302.\n\nhttps://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/con tributions/1505/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1505/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Investigation of ancient copper-alloy and ferrous artefacts from S outh-eastern Arabia DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180904T033000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180904T035000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-1504@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Ivan Stepanov (University of New England\, Australia )\nMetal artefacts excavated from archaeological sites are often heterogen eous not only in their stylistic features but also in structure and compos ition. This is ultimately related to a variety of manufacturing processes developed within different socio-technological contexts. The current paper demonstrates how heterogeneous structures and underlying manufacturing te chniques can be successfully detected in ancient copper-alloy arrowheads from the Middle-Late Bronze Age site of Sharm in the United Arab Emirates. A non-invasive approach based on the combination of neutron tomography (N T)\, neutron diffraction stress analysis (NDS) and particle-induced X-ray emission analyses (PIXE) was exploited. Results suggest that the artefacts were made by casting an alloy of copper containing impurities of nickel a nd arsenic\, and then subsequently subjected to different types of forging and heat treatment. The manufacturing process promoted specific types of elemental segregation and subsequent selective oxidation of the metal obje cts.\nThis paper also presents the results of NT applied to the investigat ion of totally corroded ancient ferrous artefacts from the early Iron Age site of Saruq al-Hadid\, Dubai. Despite the severe state of degradation of the objects\, NT allowed the detection of various features in the artefac ts\, including: 1) surface irregularities from plastic deformation by hamm ers and some other tools\; 2) different corrosion products\, and their spe cific distribution patterns\, some of which can be associated with seconda ry recycling activities performed upon the objects\; 3) various structural inhomogeneities such as mineralized pierced holes\, incised patterns and ex-welding lines. Among the listed inhomogeneities\, the ex-welding lines represent the major interest during NT investigation of corroded ferrous a rtefacts. These structural features can be found in almost every artefact \, since corrosion preferentially evolves along these lines\, and can be c onveniently used for the comparison of different ferrous artefacts and the ir manufacturing techniques. The complementary invasive investigation of f errous artefacts via analyses of remnant carburized areas using traditiona l optical microscopy techniques and analyses of slag inclusions by scannin g electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS ) allowed a developed understanding of the socio-technological factors und erlying the use of the identified iron welding techniques. These results p rovide a broader insight into the technologies and knowledge of the Iron A ge societies of the Ancient Near East.\n\nhttps://events01.synchrotron.org .au/event/70/contributions/1504/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1504/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Pulsed neutron imaging DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180902T230000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180902T235000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-1640@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Yoshiaki Kiyanagi (Nagoya University)\nPulsed neutro n sources are useful for imaging since they give different information com pared with steady reactor sources [1\,2]. At the pulsed neutron source\, w e can easily use the time-of-flight method to analyze the neutron energy a nd it enables us to obtain position dependent transmission data as a funct ion of energy with high energy resolution. The transmission spectrum is af fected by neutron interaction cross section\, and by analyzing the energy dependency of the transmission we can deduced quantitative information of an object. ‘Quantitative evaluation’ is one of the most important char acteristics of the pulsed neutron imaging. \nThere are various kinds of ne utron interactions with matters. Coherent scattering is most important int eraction to deduce the crystallographic information. We can get informatio n on crystal phase\, crystallite size\, preferred orientation (texture) [3 ]\, and strain [4\,5]. Micro-strain information will be included in the Br agg edge transmission [6]. Incoherent scattering does not have strong ener gy dependency. One of applications is to use the increase of low energy cr oss section of hydrogen\, and the hump of cross section due to oscillation of hydrogen atom in a metal hydride [7]. Another feature of the neutron c ross section is resonance peaks at higher energy. Information on dynamics of a peculiar element was studied [8]\, temperature was measured [9] and e lemental distribution in a sample was obtained [10]. Other special feature of neutrons is magnetic interaction. By using the magnetic interaction co mbined with energy dependent transmission\, we can evaluate the absolute v alue of the magnetic field [7\, 11].\nMaterial analysis and cultural herit age researches are performed by using pulsed neutron sources\, and further development of data analysis is still ongoing. In the presentation\, the pulsed neutron imaging method and its applications are presented. 　\n \nReferences\n[1] Y. Kiyanagi and H. Iwasa\, Proceedings of the Fifth Inte rnational Symposium on Advanced Nuclear Energy Research—Neutron as Micro scope Probes\, JAERI-M 93-228\, Ibaraki\, Japan\, 10-12 Mar 1993\, Vol.2\, pp.796-801\n[2] Y. Kiyanagi\, T. Kamiyama\, H. Iwasa and F. Hiraga\, Key Engineering Materials\, Vol.270-273\, pp.1371-1375\, (2004)\n[3] H. Sato\, T. Kamiyama\, Y. Kiyanagi\, Materials Transactions\, Vol.52\, No.6\, pp.1 294-1302\, (2011)\n[4] J. R. Santisteban\, L. Edwards\, A. Steuwer and P. J. Withers\, J. Appl. Cryst. 34\, (2001) 289.\n[5] J. R. Santisteban\, L. Edwards\, M. E. Fizpatrick\, A. Steuwer\, P. J. Withers\, Appl. Phys. A 74 \, (2002) S1433.\n[6] T. Kamiyama\, K. Iwase\, H. Sato\, S. Harjo\, T. Ito \, S. Takata\, K. Aizawa\, Y. Kiyanagi\, Physics Procedia 88 ( 2017) 50 – 57.\n[7] Y. Kiyanagi\, H. Sato\, T. Kamiyama and T. Shinohara\, J. Phy sics\, Conference Series 340\, 012010 (2012).\n[8] K. Kaneko\, T. Kamiyama \, Y. Kiyanagi\, T. Sakuma\, S. Ikeda\, J. Physics and Chemistry of Solids \, Vol.60\, pp.1499-1502\, (1999).\n[9] K. Tokuda\, T. Kamiyama\, Y. Kiyan agi\, R. Moreh and S. Ikeda\, J. J. Applied Physics\, vol.40\,　No.3A\, p p.1504-1507\, (2001).\n[10] H. Sato\, T. Kamiyama\, Y. Kiyanagi\, S. Ikeda \, Nucl. Instr. Meth.\, Physics Research\, A600\, pp.135-138\, (2009).\n[1 1] T. Shinohara\, et al.\, J. Physics: Conf. Series 862 (2017) 012025.\n\n https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1640/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1640/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Influence of varnish materials on the spatial and time-dependent m oisture sorption dynamics of wood used for musical instruments studied by neutron imaging DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180904T021000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180904T023000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-1502@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Sarah L. Lämmlein (Swiss Federal Laboratories for M aterials Science and Technology)\nThe hygroscopicity of wood influences wo oden musical instruments in various ways. On the one hand\, the moisture c ontent (MC) affects mechanical and acoustical properties via density\, sti ffness and damping. On the other hand\, changes in MC result in swelling a nd shrinkage. Moreover\, spatial MC gradients can lead to high internal st resses\, which may result in cracks and fracture.\n\nVarnishes act as a re tarding barrier for moisture diffusion. Hitherto\, the effect of varnish h as been noted in terms of structural deformations (i.e. board cupping due to the one-sided varnish application) or as altered mass changes. However\ , more detailed studies on the impact of varnishes on the dynamics of the spatial MC distribution are scarce. Furthermore\, old instruments commonly show a typical wear pattern. Areas that are regularly exposed to contact\ , sweat and/or breath\, suffer from varnish deterioration. This raises the question whether the remaining varnish in worn off areas\, mainly consist ing of grounding or sealer materials\, can still effectively protect again st humidity changes.\n\nNeutron imaging has proven to be a suitable techni que to investigate moisture transport in wood. As neutrons are very sensit ive to hydrogen\, it is possible to determine and localise MC changes. In order to assess and characterize the moisture barrier performance of vario us varnish materials as well as worn off and intact varnish systems\, an i nvestigation with differently varnished wood samples was conducted.\n\nThe study was performed at the thermal neutron imaging beamline NEUTRA at the PSI. Imitating the conditions of musical instruments\, the lateral sides were sealed\, thus allowing sorption only at the upper and lower surfaces. The samples were preconditioned (35% RH and 20°C)\, ensuring equilibrate d and known reference conditions. In total\, 80 samples (10 runs with 8 sa mples each) were investigated\, enabling a five-time repetition of 16 diff erent wood and varnish material combinations. The samples were put in a cl imate chamber\, allowing for an in-situ measurement of the MC changes whil e controlling temperature and RH. Based on a comparison of the reference r adiograph to the radiographs taken over time\, the spatial MC distribution and its time evolution were determined. For the time span studied (5h at high and low RH)\, no moisture sorption was observed for the completely va rnished surfaces. The results revealed that the sorption occurs homogenous ly across the surfaces and that pretreatments decelerate the moisture upta ke. Interestingly\, a grounding consisting of clear oil varnish and pumice powder displays a low barrier and a pretreatment mainly consisting of alb umen and gum arabic did not lead to a protection at all.\n\nThe study has proven the applicability of neutron imaging for the investigation of spati al and time dependent changes in wood MC\, enabling the examination of var nish influences. The results reveal the effectiveness of different varnish es and allow for an assessment of their influences on dimensional and acou stical properties of wooden musical instruments. The results can likewise be used for validations of material and sorption models\, being relevant f or e.g. coatings on wood in general (i.e. wood as building material) or in wood conservation science.\n\nhttps://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/7 0/contributions/1502/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1502/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:289 Million year old terrestrial vertebrate community revealed DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180904T015000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180904T021000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-1579@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Robert Reisz (University of Toronto Mississauga)\nTh e Dolese Brothers Limestone Quarry\, near Richards Spur\, Oklahoma\, USA\, preserves an Early Permian (298 million years old) infill in a series of Ordovician limestone and dolostone karst fissures. Speleothems intimately associated with the site indicate that Richards Spur is a cave system\, su ggesting a unique preservational environment for vertebrates\, one that is distinct from those of more typical Early Permian lowland deltaic/fluvial localities. The locality is unique in the preservation of exclusively ter restrial vertebrates\, with the vast majority of fossil material found at this site during the last 8 decades of excavations being completely disart iculated. However\, recent collecting activities have yielded articulated material\, indicating that many of these recently discovered animals were likely washed in before being disarticulated or probably fell into the cav es during monsoonal rains. The fossil materials are also unique preservati onally because they have been impregnated with hydrocarbons derived from t he underlying Woodford oils of Oklahoma. Fossilization has resulted in dar k colored skeletal elements preserved in gray clays and limestones\, makin g them easily recognizable\, but the process likely occurred under conditi ons that facilitated the formation of abundant pyrite around and inside th e bones. This unique combination makes the fossils from this vast cave sys tem difficult to image using x-ray\, but ideally suited for imaging using the quasi-parallel collimated bean of neutrons\, as provided by the OPAL r eactor at ANSTO. The superior image quality provided by this method has pr ovided unprecedented access to the detailed anatomy and structure of both unprepared fossil materials\, and to the internal anatomy of numerous new or little-known taxa from this locality\, the richest and taxonomically mo st diverse assemblage of terrestrial vertebrates for the Paleozoic Era. Th e fossil materials examined using the DINGO facility include several small and medium sized amphibians\, a stem amniote\, several eureptiles and par areptiles\, and a synapsid. The anatomical details of the skulls of these terrestrial vertebrates provided by neutron computed tomography have opene d up new avenues for the study of the conquest of land by amniotes\, the d istant ancestors of living reptiles\, birds and mammals\, and by the amphi bians that also were apparently able to compete with them for a relatively short time\, 300-270 million years ago\, during the Early Permian. Most s ignificantly\, the internal braincase anatomy revealed by this method is a llowing us to examine in detail the evolutionary changes in the brain and some of the sense organs housed in the cranium across major transitions\, from amphibians to amniotes\, and through the dichotomy of amniotes into t he reptilian and mammalian neural and sensory systems.\n\nhttps://events01 .synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1579/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1579/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Neutron micro-CT as a non-destructive tool for Palaeontology in Au stralia DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180904T013000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180904T015000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-1578@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Joseph Bevitt (Australian Nuclear Science and Techno logy Organisation)\nThe physical extraction of fossilised remains from roc ks enables quantitative physiological investigation of bone-dimensions\, v olume\, and porosity\, however leads to the destruction of valuable contex tual information and soft-tissue remains within the matrix. \n\nConvention al and synchrotron-based X-ray computed tomography (XCT) have been utilise d for many years as critical tools in uncovering valuable 3-D internal and surface renderings of scientifically important fossils\, however poor con trast and X-ray penetration often prevents thorough tomographic analysis.\ n\nDINGO\, Australia’s first and only neutron micro-computed tomography (nCT) instrument\, located at the OPAL nuclear research reactor\, is being used to obtain unpreceded reconstructions of extraordinary fossilised ana tomical features not visible with conventional imaging techniques. This pr esentation will outline the physical capabilities of DINGO\, the limitatio ns and results to-date in the field of palaeontology. Drawing upon specime ns scanned from across Australia\, North America\, New Zealand\, and China \, this presentation will demonstrate the complementarity of nCT to classi c XCT methods for certain geological formations and fossil localities.\n\n nCT has yielded unpreceded contrast and detailed-reconstructions of fossil ised soft tissue in a Jurassic cynodont. The stomach contents and digestiv e function of herbivourous and carnivorous dinosaurs\, and a Cretaceous Au stralian crocodilian have been revealed\, providing insights into ancient environments and food chains. In this way\, a new species of Australian di nosaur has been discovered.\n\nhttps://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/7 0/contributions/1578/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1578/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Development of kfps bright flash neutron imaging for rapid\, trans ient processes DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180903T234000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180904T000000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-1650@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Robert Zboray (Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering\, The Pennsylvania State University)\nThe speed of thermal/col d neutron radiography is limited by the available flux even on the stronge st spallation sources. The flux limitation can be alleviated using phase-l ock\, ensemble averaging techniques for periodic\, repeating processes as it has been demonstrated on several samples like engines\, pumps etc. Howe ver capturing rapid\, transient\, non-periodic processes by neutron imagin g remains difficult. Recently we have demonstrated 800 fps cold neutron im aging [1] at the ICON beam line of the SINQ continuous spallation source u tilizing the highest available flux of that beam line. Opposed to spallati on sources\, TRIGA reactors have the capability due to their special fuel composition to produce extremely bright neutron pulses for a short duratio n. This opens the possibility to image short\, very rapid transient proces ses at very high rates. We develop bright flash thermal neutron radiograph y at the beam line of the 1 MW Penn State Breazeale research reactor. This TRIGA type reactor is able to produce pulses up to 1 GW with a FWHM of ar ound 20 milliseconds. We have achieved bright flash radiography up to 4000 fps on a field of view (FOV) of around 15 square centimeters and at a spa tial resolution of about 0.5 mm\, however higher frame rates and FOV is fe asible. The detector used is a CMOS camera based system featuring a 400 um thick LiF/ZnS converter screen. We demonstrate the method on air-water tw o-phase flow in a bubbler as simple\, non-periodic dynamic process.\n[1] R . Zboray\, P. Tritk\, “800 fps neutron radiography of air-water two-phas e flow”\, MethodsX\, 5\, pp. 96-102 (2018).\n\nhttps://events01.synchrot ron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1650/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1650/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Neutron Radiology Terminology in Imaging DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180903T232000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180903T234000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-1566@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Markus Strobl (Laboratory Neutron Scattering and Ima ging\, Paul Scherrer Institut)\nNeutron Imaging used to be a non-destructi ve testing (NDT) tool for decades and as such was listed with a few techni ques in the ASTM standards. However\, for the current state-of-the art in neutron imaging such NDT terminology\, which mostly still refers to film d etection\, appears outdated in light of the digital imaging at advanced\, large-scale neutron source facilities. We note that these digital imaging applications are the dominate activities of ISNR board members and compri se most of the WCNR presentations for more than a decade. Additionally\, the rapidly increasing number of techniques and methods qualifying neutron imaging today combined with the outdated terminology have led to increasi ng confusion and lack of coherence in the use and creation of terms\, whic h is required to clearly characterize measurement methods\, developments\, and applications.\n\nTherefore\, the board of the ISNR\, at the last WCNR in 2014 in Grindelwald\, Switzerland\, established a working group to stu dy issues of terminology. While corresponding higher order terms and defi nitions have been discussed and presented at the ITMNR in Beijing in 2016\ , an attempt for an extensive catalogue and system for a terminology in ne utron imaging to be issued by the ISNR shall be presented and opened for d iscussion.\n\nXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX\nFig. 1 top: Context of Ter minology for ISNR with respect to higher-level general umbrella terms like Radiology\, Imaging\, Radiography etc.\; bottom: use of the term imaging over the last 210 years\n\nhttps://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/co ntributions/1566/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1566/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Evaluation of fast neutron imaging scintillators DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180904T063000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180904T065000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-1510@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: William Chuirazzi (Ohio State University)\nAs neutro n imaging emerges as a complement to current nondestructive testing techni ques such as X-Ray imaging\, more research is focusing on fast neutron ima ging. Fast neutrons offer excellent penetration through heavily shielded m aterials due to their low probability of collision interactions\, however this also makes their detection difficult. This work applies lens-coupled imaging to measure several different scintillator screens’ aptitude for fast neutron imaging. The experimental apparatus consists of an electron-m ultiplying charged coupled device (EMCCD) camera and a lithium doped front -surface mirror. We evaluate fast neutron imagers constructed at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) that consist of Polyvinyltoluene (PVT ) scintillators loaded with different dopants and given different backing materials. The PVT scintillators were irradiated both at The Ohio State Un iversity’s Research Reactor (OSURR)\, which has a fast neutron flux of a pproximately 104n/(〖cm〗^2 s) and at Idaho National Laboratory’s (INL ) Neutron Radiography Reactor (NRAD)\, with a fast neutron flux of 107n/( 〖cm〗^2 s). Grayscale values of the fast neutron images are utilized to determine the relative light output\, while the Modulation Transfer Funct ion (MTF)\, derived from the images is used to calculate the spatial resol ution. These two properties are used to determine the optimum fast neutron imaging configuration. Additional scintillator materials were also subjec ted to NRAD’s fast neutron beam and their imaging properties compared wi th PVT. Various phantoms are also imaged to demonstrate fast neutron imagi ng’s practical advantages in real-world scenarios.\n\nhttps://events01.s ynchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1510/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1510/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Neutron Imaging for Fuel Cells: Yesterday\, Today and Tomorrow DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180904T061000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180904T063000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-1511@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Pierre Boillat (Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI)\, Elect rochemistry Laboratory (LEC) and Laboratory for Neutron Scattering and Ima ging (LNS))\nNeutron imaging has been applied since nearly two decades to visualize the water distribution in operating fuel cells\, and has largely contributed to unravel the mysteries of water management in these devices . Two key characteristics make neutron imaging particularly attractive for fuel cell research: the high penetration of neutrons through dense struct ural materials such as aluminum and steel\, and the strong contrast provid ed by liquid water. This combination makes neutron imaging fully non-invas ive\, in the sense that little adaptations have to be done on fuel cells\, if any.\nHere\, a brief overview of the contributions brought in the past by neutron imaging to the field of fuel cell research (at PSI and worldwi de) will be given first. Following this\, the application of neutron imagi ng to our latest research\, focusing on our developments in novel porous m aterials [1] and in innovative fuel cell designs based on evaporative cool ing [2\,3] will be presented. Finally\, I will give an outlook focused on how advanced neutron imaging techniques such as neutron grating interferom etry (nGI) and time-of-flight (TOF) imaging can solve problems beyond the reach of conventional imaging.\n\n[1] A. Forner-Cuenca\, J. Biesdorf\, L. Gubler\, P.M. Kristiansen\, T.J. Schmidt\, P. Boillat\, “Engineered Wate r Highways in Fuel Cells: Radiation Grafting of Gas Diffusion Layers”\, *Advanced Materials* **27**\, 6317 (2015)\n[2] P. Boillat\, E.H. Lehmann\, P. Trtik\, M. Cochet\, “Neutron imaging of fuel cells – Recent trends and future prospects”\, *Current Opinion in Electrochemistry* **5**\, 3 (2017)\n[3] M. Cochet\, A. Forner-Cuenca\, V. Manzi\, M. Siegwart\, D. Sc heuble and P. Boillat\, “Novel Concept for Evaporative Cooling of Fuel C ells: an Experimental Study Based on Neutron Imaging”\, *Fuel Cells*\, A ccepted for Publication\, In Press\n\nhttps://events01.synchrotron.org.au/ event/70/contributions/1511/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1511/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:High-frame rate neutron imaging of bubble behavior in air-water tw o-phase flow DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180904T055000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180904T061000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-1512@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Daisuke Ito (Kyoto University)\nGas-liquid two-phase flow appears in nuclear power reactors and is one of the important phenom ena for the safety analysis of the reactor. Especially\, the transient beh avior of the two-phase flow structure is very complicated and has to be un derstood in detail by experiments. For that purpose\, flow measurement met hod with high temporal resolution is required. Previously\, a lot of metho ds have been developed and applied. Neutron imaging can visualize the flow in metallic pipe and the spatial flow structure can be understood. Theref ore\, it is very useful tool for two-phase flow measurement. However\, the improvement of the temporal resolution was not easy because of the limita tion of the neutron source and the imaging system. The authors have been d eveloped high-frame rate neutron imaging system\, which consists of a high -speed camera\, an optical image intensifier\, a high-sensitivity lens\, a scintillator and a dark box\, previously. In the present study\, the syst em was upgraded by using a high sensitive high-speed camera and an ultrahi gh-sensitivity lens. As a result\, the frame rate of 10\,000 Hz could be a chieved at B-4 neutron guide tube facility in Kyoto University Research Re actor. The current system was applied to air-water two-phase flow measurem ent in a circular pipe\, and the bubble behavior was observed. In addition \, the simultaneous measurements with high-speed X-ray radiography were ca rried out to compare the imaging results. The X-ray was irradiated to the test section in a direction perpendicular to the neutron beam. From these results\, the possibility of the 3-D visualization of bubbles using neutro n and X-ray radiographs were also investigated.\n\nhttps://events01.synchr otron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1512/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1512/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Flow visualization of heavy oil in packed bed reactor by neutron r adiography DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180904T053000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180904T055000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-1509@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Eita Shoji (Tohoku University)\nThe demand for petro chemical feedstock and middle distillate is increasing. Although utilizati on of heavy oils such as atmospheric or vacuum residue is also necessary\, the heavy oils have not been used due to the high viscosity and low quali ty. Thus\, desulfurization and upgrading processes are required　to use t he heavy oils effectively. A trickle bed reactor\, in which a heavy oil an d a gas are flowed concurrently through a packed bed of catalytic particle s\, is generally used as the upgrading process. In the reactor\, channelin g and consequent hot spots decrease the performance. Hence\, the understan ding of flow behavior in the reactor is significant.\nRecently\, the devel opment of CFD simulator of hydrodynamics and reactions in the reactor has been advanced to clarify the flow behavior. On the other hand\, the experi mental works on flow visualization of the heavy oils have not been conduct ed. This is because the reactor was made of metal for operation at high pr essure and high temperature\, and consequently the visualization using vis ible light was not available. Therefore\, the objective of this work is fl ow visualization of heavy oil in the packed bed reactor by neutron radiogr aphy.\nIn the experiment\, the Kyoto university research reactor (KUR) was utilized as neutron source. KUR was operated at either 1 or 5 MW with a n eutron flux of 1 or 5×107 n/cm2∙s\, respectively. The heavy oil and N2 gas were supplied concurrently to a packed bed reactor\, i.e.\, a 1/2-inch stainless steel tube filled with Al2O3 particles having the diameter of 1 or 3 mm. Atmospheric residue (AR) was used as the heavy oil sample. The r eactor was heated to temperatures of 100°C and 250°C to change the visco sity of heavy oil. The flow rate of heavy oil was 2.5 mL/min and that of N 2 gas was set at 1 L/min at 25°C. Hence\, the flow rates of N2 gas in the reactor changed depending on the reactor temperatures. An image intensifi er and a CCD camera at the framerate of 30 fps were used to obtain visuali zation images of the unsteady flow behavior. An image processing to reduce noises was performed for the obtained images.\nThe flow behavior of heavy oil in the reactor varied depending on the experimental conditions. Since the viscosity of heavy oil markedly varies with temperature\, that is\, t he viscosity of heavy oil at 100°C is 10 times larger than that at 250°C \, the head velocity of heavy oil flowing down at 100°C became approximat ely half that at 250°C for the particle diameter of 1 mm. In addition\, t he heavy oil at 100°C spread radially to the wall of the tube\, whereas t he heavy oil at 250°C did not spread. In the case of 3 mm particle diamet er\, the heavy oil did not spread at both 100°C and 250°C compared with the case of 1 mm particles\, and the flow channeling occurred in the packe d bed.\n\nhttps://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1509/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1509/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Development of Neutron Imaging Facility at Dhruva research reactor \, India DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180904T045000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180904T051000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-1526@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Tushar Roy (Bhabha Atomic Research Centre)\nA neutro n imaging beamline has been set-up at Dhruva research reactor\, India. The techniques currently implemented are Neutron Tomography\, Neutron Phase C ontrast Imaging and Real-Time Neutron Radiography. Combinations of sapphir e and bismuth single crystals have been used as filters at the collimator input to reduce the epithermal neutron and gamma contribution respectively . The maximum beam size is restricted to ~ 120mm diameter at the sample po sition. A cadmium ratio of ~ 250 with L/d ratio of 160 and thermal neutron flux of 4 x 107 n/s-cm2 at the sample position has been achieved. The con ventional Neutron imaging is carried out with a lens coupled CCD camera an d neutron scintillator\, while high resolution neutron image plates (25µm pixel) have been used for carrying out Phase sensitive experiments. Moreo ver\, different scintillator and lens combinations are available to user t o select large field of view with moderate resolution or high resolution w ith small field of view. Operation and control of sample manipulator\, Det ector\, monitoring cameras etc can be remotely carried out from shielded e xperimental hutch. Different applications in the fields of reactor enginee ring\, material science studies\, archaeology\, etc. shall be discussed. \ nWe have carried out neutron tomography on Zr-2.5Nb samples containing dif ferent amount of hydrogen ingression. This test was used to validate minim um detectable limits for the same at our facility. Further studies on the diffusion of hydrogen in Zr-2.5Nb are underway. Neutron tomography studies on the metallic foam samples were carried out and its mechanical properti es were simulated using volume data obtained from tomography experiments. This approach provides a powerful alternative to compare the model manufac tured materials mechanical properties and for detection flaws either in th e manufacturing or during different stages of its operation. In continuati on with our previous work\, we have set-up study lead solidification using neutron imaging technique and derived important properties in an accident al scenario.\n\nhttps://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions /1526/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1526/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Recent developments from NeXT-Grenoble\, the Neutron and X-ray Tom ograph in Grenoble DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180904T043000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180904T045000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-1539@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Alessandro Tengattini (Institut Laue Langevin/Univer site' Grenoble Alpes\,)\nNeXT-Grenoble is the Neutron and X-ray Tomograph born in 2016 from the joint effort of Universitè Grenoble Alpes (UGA) and the Institut Laue-Langevin (ILL)\, and takes advantage of its world-leadi ng cold neutron flux. Specifically\, the flux peaks at $3x10^8n~cm^{-2}~s^ {-1}$ for an L/D of 333 with an average wavelength above 3 Å.\n\nThe inst rument relies on a suite of detectors ranging from fields of view above 17 0x[mm]x170[mm] to *true* resolutions below 10 µm. They are constituted by a range of scintillators ranging from 200 µm $ZnS/6LiF:$ to 2.5µm $^{15 7}Gd_2O_2S:Tb$ and a set of high aperture lenses.\n\n\nThanks to the uniqu ely powerful flux\, the instrument can perform high speed tomographies (be low 10 seconds) at large fields of view as well as acquire high resolution (below 10 µm) tomographies in times comparable to those of microfocus x- ray setups.\n\nA key feature of the instrument is the possibility to perfo rm *simultaneous* x-ray and neutron tomography\, in order to take advantag e of the high complementarity of the attenuation coefficients of these two techniques. \n\nThe registration of the two volumes is made possible by r ecent mathematical developments which also provides phase identification\, with much more ease than with either image individually. \n\nA major upgr ade of the instrument is foreseen in the forthcoming two years within the "Endurance 2" upgrade scheme of ILL to further improve its performances as well as to add further options (*e.g*\, monochromation\, polarised neutro ns\, grating interferometry). \nThis instrument is open for proposals thro ugh its dedicated website (https://next-grenoble.fr/). \n\nThis instrument is conceived with a wide range of both fundamental and engineering applic ations in mind and is capable of withstanding the weight of cells up to se veral hundred kilograms while remaining stable at high resolutions thanks to the granite exoskeleton. Correspondingly\, the instrument allows for vo luminous cells thanks to the movable detector and the abundant free space above (~ 1 m) and below the instrument (~ 1.5 m). \n\nThis\, together with the aforementioned performances has already allowed a range of high press ure\, high temperature and hydro-mechanical *in-situ* tests to be performe d at high speeds.\n\nhttps://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contribu tions/1539/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1539/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:MODERN FACILITY FOR NEUTRON RADIOGRAPHY AND TOMOGRAPHY FOR APPLIED RESEARCH ON THE BASE OF THE VVR-K REACTOR DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180904T041000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180904T043000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-1547@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Bagdaulet Mukhametruly ()\nMODERN FACILITY FOR NEUTR ON RADIOGRAPHY AND TOMOGRAPHY FOR APPLIED RESEARCH ON THE BASE OF THE VVR- K REACTOR\n\nB. Mukhametuly1\,2\,3\, Y.А. Kenzhin2\, А.А. Shaymerdenov2 \, К. Nazarov3\, \n1Al-Farabi Kazakh National University\, Almaty\n2Insti tute of Nuclear Physics\, Almaty\n3Joint Institute for Nuclear Research\, Dubna\nemail: bagdaulet.mukhametuly@gmail.com\n\nAt the basin-type reactor on thermal neutrons VVR-K\, an experimental facility is setting up to con duct researches using neutron radiography and tomography. A neutron beam w ith a cross section of 20 x 20 cm forms a system collimator\, for which th e value of the characteristic parameter L / D can vary from 350 to 2000.\n \nINTRODUCTION\nThe neutron radiography method consists in obtaining neutr on images of the investigated objects. Due to the different degree of atte nuation of the neutron beam during the passage through materials of differ ent chemical composition\, density and thickness of the components of the investigated sample\, the information on the internal structure of the mat erials with spatial resolution at the micron level is provided. This metho d of nondestructive control is characterized by a deeper penetration into the thickness of the material compared with complement x-ray introscopy me thod and is advantageous in studying samples with both light (for example\ , hydrogen or lithium) and heavy elements.\nAll modern and newly created n eutron sources are equipped with neutron radiography and tomography facili ties. Methods of neutron radiography now is widely applied for material in vestigations and products for nuclear technologies\, paleontological and g eophysical objects\, unique objects of cultural heritage. It should be not ed that now\, much attention is also paid to unique research of physical a nd chemical processes in fuel cells and batteries\, processes associated w ith the penetration of hydrogen or water into the thickness of various mat erials. Functional development of the invention of neutron radiography is made by neutron tomography. In this method the volumetric reconstruction o f the internal structure of the investigated object is performed from a se t of individual radiographic projections\, i.e. for different angular posi tions of the sample relative to the direction of the neutron beam.\nThe pr esented work describes in detail the design and main parameters of the new experimental facility for investigations using neutron radiography and to mography\, created on the 1st channel of the VVR-K reactor.\n\nhttps://eve nts01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1547/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1547/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:The ODIN Project at the European Spallation Source DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180904T035000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180904T041000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-1545@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Michael Lerche (Technische Universität München)\nO DIN (Optical and Diffraction Imaging with Neutrons) is a beamline project at the European Spallation Source (ESS). It is a collaboration between the ESS\, the Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI) in Switzerland and the Technical U niversity Munich (TUM) in Germany\, with TUM as lead institution. \nODIN w ill provide a multi-purpose imaging capability with spatial resolutions do wn to the µm range. The pulsed nature of the ESS source - combined with a versatile neutron chopper system - will give access to wavelength-resolve d information with variable resolution and bandwidths. Different imaging t echniques\, from traditional attenuation-based imaging to advanced dark fi eld\, polarized neutron or Bragg edge imaging\, will be available within t he full scope of ODIN with unprecedented efficiency and resolution. A summ ary of the technical full scope and its science application will be given and the updated conceptual instrument design including its challenges will be presented.\n\nhttps://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributio ns/1545/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1545/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Overview of the Conceptual Design of the Upgraded Neutron Radiogra phy Facility (INDLOVU) at the SAFARI-1 Research Reactor in South Africa. DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180904T033000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180904T035000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-1549@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Frikkie De Beer (Necsa)\nThe value added by neutron beam line facilities through research of is evident from the number of new facilities planned and commissioned worldwide. In order to provide local and international researchers with world-class capabilities\, Necsa embark ed on the upgrade of the neutron beam line instruments at the SAFARI-1 nuc lear research reactor\, which entails inter alia a complete functional neu tron diffraction facility. The concept design of an upgraded neutron radio graphy (NRAD) beam line named INDLOVU (Zulu name for Elephant – one of t he “Big Five”) (“**I**maging **N**eutron **D**evice to **L**ocate th e **O**bscure and **V**isualise the **U**nknown”) has been finalised and the documentation for legal requirements\, safety\, electronic and contro l systems are in the approval stage\, thereafter facility assembly will co mmence.\nThe upgraded NRAD facility will be unique in its application form at as it can perform\, through selective filtering\, not only thermal neut ron radiography but also utilise individually\, the full radiation beam\, the intermediate or fast neutron spectrum as well as the gamma-ray compone nt of the radiation beam. As the beam port is positioned axial to the reac tor core\, a maximum radiation flux of 1 × 10^9 neutrons.cm-2.s-1 is envi saged\, without filtering and when utilising the full radiation beam. The traditional scintillator-mirror-CCD camera concept\, mounted inside a ligh t tight box as detection system\, is adopted. The CCD camera will be able to focus on an interchangeable field of view from 5 x 5 cm^2 to 35 x 35 cm ^2 on the back of the scintillator screen. The detection system comprises of application specific (as determined by radiation sensitivity) exchangea ble scintillation screens and the CCD camera is equipped with an automatic focusing capability.\nINDLOVU comprises of a number of subsystems and com ponents inter alia such as the processing systems (e.g. shutters\, collima tors\, radiation filters\, beam and flight tubes\, experimental)\, safety systems (e.g. shielding\, conventional and radiation safety)\, control sys tem (e.g. DACS\, PLC)\, utilities (e.g. electrical\, HVAC) and sample mana gement system (e.g. sample receiving\, storage\, dispatch and data managem ent). This presentation will describe the design of the South African INDL OVU NRAD facility with respect to each of the subsystems in terms of their design\, functionality\, importance and operational interconnection with each other. In addition\, to evaluate the performance of the facility in t erms of expected radiation beam intensity and quality\, neutron ray tracin g simulations of the attainable flat field at the detector plane\, for eac h of the 4 different L/D ratios (125\, 250\, 400 and 800)\, will be compar ed to theoretical design calculations.\n\nhttps://events01.synchrotron.org .au/event/70/contributions/1549/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1549/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Development of scintillator for a compact fast neutron imaging equ ipment at INPC of CAEP DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180904T015000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180904T021000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-1525@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: hang li (Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry\ , Chinese Academy of Engineering Physic)\nFast-neutron imaging (FNR) is a nondestructive testing technology using fast neutrons as probes. The key p roblem of improving the quality of fast-neutron imaging is developing a su itable detector\, which can convert the invisible fast-neutron image into a visible light image effectively and distinguishably. \nThe researchers i n Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry(INPC)of Chinese Academy of En gineering Physics(CAEP) are focusing on fast neutron imaging promotion and application. Now a transportable neutron imaging equipment has been insta lled based a compact accelerator neutron source using D-T reaction. In ord er to improve the quality of FNR\, two kinds of fast neutron scintillators are developed at INPC. One is made of ZnS particles\, resin and wavelengt h-shifting fibers(WSF)\, and the other is made of ZnS particles and polypr opylene(PP). The appropriate parameters of the scintillators such as fiber s arrangement\, distance between fibers are optimized theoretically and th e facture of the scintillators is also optimized.The scintillators are tes ted with14MeV neutrons at INPC and with fission neutrons at NECTAR\, FRM I I.The light output results show that all the scintillators are sensitive t o 14MeV neutrons and fission neutrons. The imaging results also matched th e calculations\, shown that the sintillators resolution is better than 1mm .\n\nhttps://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1525/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1525/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:1" CCD CAMERAS FOR NEUTRON & X-RAY IMAGING DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180904T011000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180904T013000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-1521@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Alan Hewat (NeutronOptics and ILL Grenoble)\nIntrodu ction\n----------------\nWe will describe three proven applications of 1-i nch CCD cameras to neutron and x-ray imaging\, as recently provided for In donesia\, Thailand & Malaysia. The 1-inch ICX694ALG is Sony's largest CCD\ , with high efficiency and exceptionally low noise.\n\n250x200 mm neutron/ x-ray imaging camera\n------------------------------------------------\nOu r ICX694ALG camera can be compared to the excellent\, but much more expens ive\, Andor and PCO cameras using sCMOS detectors [1\,2]. sCMOS\, like CMO S\, has lower read noise but higher dark current\, making it better for fa st data acquisition on high flux sources. But there is little advantage fo r the many users in Universities or Institutes with low flux reactors or g enerators\, where the lower dark current of the CCD\, with similar efficie ncy\, is an advantage. Fig.1 shows our camera\, a neutron image obtained o n a 100 kW Triga reactor and an x-ray image obtained on a 120 kV x-ray sou rce\; low flux neutron images were obtained in as little as 5 seconds. \n\ n![250x200mm camera\; 100kW neutron image\; 120kV pulsed x-ray image[3]][1 ]\n\n1:1 macro & Laue backscatter cameras\n------------------------------- -----------------------------\n\nFig.2 shows our 1:1 macro imaging and Lau e cameras. with a backscattered x-ray pattern (center). We use the ICX694A LG for all these types of cameras.\n\n![1:1 macro camera\; 2 min. Sm2Fe17 pattern\; 1" CCD Laue camera][2]\n\nReferences\n----------\n\n 1. A W Hewa t\, Phys.Proc. 69\, 2015\, pp 185-8.\n 2. [http://neutronoptics.com/news.h tml][3]\n 3. We thank the IAEA Vienna for support for developing laborator ies\n\n\n [1]: http://neutronoptics.com/WCNR11/fig1.jpg\n [2]: http://ne utronoptics.com/WCNR11/fig2.jpg\n [3]: http://neutronoptics.com/news.html \n\nhttps://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1521/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1521/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Neutron imaging of hydrogen diffusion in polycrystalline forsterit e aggregates DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180904T000000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180904T002000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-1514@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Sarath Patabendigedara (Department of Earth and Plan etary Sciences\, Macquarie University)\nAn understanding of hydrogen diffu sion in nominally anhydrous minerals (NAMs) is an essential context of cor rect interpretation of conductivity dissimilarity in Earth mantle. The me chanism of hydrogen diffusion in dominant mantle minerals was described by Demouchy (2010) and Demouchy and Casanova (2016) using a defect model in crystalline materials. This concept is well-known and well documented in t he material science community (Nowick 2012) where the effects of in-grain and grain boundary (gb) diffusion are separated using the bricklayer model and other associated derivatives of this model (Tuller 2000). Separation of the two components of the proton conductivity in olivine will substant ially improve current proton conduction model for Earth mantle. Finally\, it will help to interpret magnetotelluric conductivity data and will give prospects to find new mineral sources and explain other sub-surface geolog ical phenomena such as volcanism and plate tectonics. (Demouchy and Bolfan -Casanova 2016)\n\nA recent insight is that the high conductivities determ ined from proton conduction measurements at low temperatures are mainly du e to conduction along grain boundaries (Demouchy 2010). Demouchy (2010) wa s the first\, and to date only experimental work on hydrogen grain-boundar y diffusion in olivine\, the dominant upper mantle mineral phase. We have repeated Demouche’s experiment with neutron imaging which a most promisi ng in-situ technique to image hydrogen diffusion profile. Neutrons can pen etrate through the capsule while providing information about contents and they are highly sensitive to hydrogen in the sample. Therefore\, neutron i maging allows measuring time and temperature dependent gb hydrogen diffusi on rates in mantle minerals. \n\nWe carried out a series of experiments w here we diffused water (H) through a forsterite polycrystalline matrix at high-pressure and temperature. The capsules and their contents were image d using the DINGO neutron tomography instrument at the Australian Centre f or Neutron Scattering. The results indicate hydrogen transport inside the forsterite polycrystalline matrix as changing neutron attenuation along t he diffusion direction of the polycrystalline block and it correlates with temperature dependent hydrogen diffusion in this mineral. This study reve aled the ability of neutron imaging technique to find the proton diffusion coefficient of NAMs. We are sharing these results in this conference.\n\n References\n\nDemouchy\, S. (2010). "Diffusion of hydrogen in olivine grai n boundaries and implications for the survival of water-rich zones in the Earth's mantle." Earth and Planetary Science Letters 295(1): 305-313.\nDem ouchy\, S. and N. Bolfan-Casanova (2016). "Distribution and transport of h ydrogen in the lithospheric mantle: A review." Lithos 240: 402-425.\nNowic k\, A. S. (2012). Diffusion in solids: recent developments\, Elsevier.\nTu ller\, H. L. (2000). "Ionic conduction in nanocrystalline materials." Soli d State Ionics 131(1): 143-157.\n\nhttps://events01.synchrotron.org.au/eve nt/70/contributions/1514/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1514/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:INVESTIGATION OF HYDROMECHANICAL PROCESSES IN POROUS ROCK USING 4D NEUTRON IMAGING DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180903T234000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180904T000000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-1819@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Maddi Etxegarai (Laboratoire 3SR)\nINTRODUCTION\n--- ---------\n\nThe characterization of localized deformations and its effect s on the permeability of rocks is fundamental to a number of resource engi neering challenges\, e.g.\, hydrocarbon and water production and $CO_2$ se questration. However\, the complexity of performing conclusive experimenta l campaigns to analyze the hydro-mechanical behavior of porous subsurface rocks leads to a lack of necessary ground truth to develop analytical and numerical models.\n \nIn this work the coupling of triaxial deformation an d the evolution of fluid flow in porous rocks (in particular sandstone) is explored using high-speed neutron imaging. Neutrons are highly sensitive to hydrogen\, providing the ideal probe for detecting fluids (*e.g.*\, wat er and oils) in dense porous materials such as rocks [B1]. Furthermore the property of neutrons to distinguish between isotopes allows to use deuter ated (heavy) water\, which attenuates the beam less than the light water\, as contrast agent. In this way it is possible to track the front between two fluids which have similar flow properties but very different neutron i nteractions.\n\nEXPERIMENTAL METHOD\n-------------------\n\nThe experiment al campaign was performed at the Cold Neutron Tomography and Radiography ( CONRAD-2) [B2] instrument at Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin (HZB) where it was p ossible to acquire fast tomographies in 1 minute. \n\nThe samples were def ormed ex-situ in a triaxial apparatus in Laboratoire Sols\, Solides\, Stru ctures\, Risques (3SR\, Grenoble). X-ray tomographies were acquired before and after the triaxial loading to obtain the strain fields through Digita l Volume Correlation (DVC) [B3]. During the experiment light water was flu shed through the sample while fast tomographies were acquired. Therefore\, a relation between deformation and changes in permeability field can be a nalyzed.\n\nIn order to be able to image the advancing fluid front and qua ntify its velocity in 3D\, the experimental setup controls the pressure on the top of the sample\, the confining pressure and the water flow rate wh ile measuring the volume of the water leaving the sample and the pressure on the bottom of the sample.\n\nRESULTS\n-------\n\nFive samples of Vosges sandstone were deformed under triaxial conditions at 30 and 40 MPa confin ing pressure and loaded to different levels of axial strain to be able to study the changes in permeability with different degrees of deformation. A n example of the strain fields determined using DVC analysis of the x-ray tomographies acquired before and after the loading is shown in Figure [1]. Figure [2] shows an example of a neutron tomography image of the light wa ter advancing into the heavy-water saturated sample\; the image has been t hresholded to show just the light-water in the sample.\n\n![Vertical and h orizontal slice of the maximum shear strain ][1]\n![Light water 3D front i nside the heavy water saturated sample][2]\n\n\n [1]: https://drive.googl e.com/open?id=1Lhw327asNAKGLluBE-41bX38bj6WjNzm\n [2]: https://drive.goog le.com/open?id=1wR7kznLJwbDXEHcTnfSiNBLuC2RV8XCo\n\n\n[B1] S.A. Hall. *Geo physical Research Letters*\, 40\, 2613-2618\, 2013.\n\n[B2] N. Kardjilov\, et. al. *Journal of Applied Crystallography* 49 (2016)\, p. 195-202.\n\n[ B3] E. Tudisco et. al. *Physics Procedia-10th World Conference on Neutron Radiography*\, 69\, 509-515\, 2015.\n\nhttps://events01.synchrotron.org.au /event/70/contributions/1819/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1819/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Neutron radiography of water imbibition in a smooth-walled fractur e within sandstone DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180903T232000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180903T234000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-1513@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Shanbin Xue (China University of Mining and Technolo gy\, Beijing)\nWater spontaneous imbibition in unsaturated fractured rocks is a ubiquitous phenomenon in nature and engineering such as the enhanced oil recovery by water flooding\, the storage of hazardous wastes undergro und and the development of geothermal et al. In the presented work\, direc t visualization of water imbibition in a vertical smooth-walled fracture w ith a width of ~114 μm within a low permeability silty sandstone sample w as achieved using neutron radiography at China Advanced Research Reactor ( CRAA). The high-speed imaging mode i.e. 10 frames/second was employed to c apture the rapid transport of water in the fracture at first 100 seconds o f imbibition. Then the neutron image was captured every 2 seconds to impro ve the image quantity until the sample was saturated by water. Based on th e neutron images\, the wetting front was tracked on both vertical and hori zontal directions to calculate the sorptivity. It was found six stages can be distinguished based on the varieties of sorptivity determined along th e vertical smooth-walled fracture. The wetting front can travel at the hei ght of ~17 mm along the smooth-walled fracture during the first 0.5 second s of imbibition. Then the advance of wetting front along the vertical smoo th-walled fracture slowed down due to the effect of gravity and water tran sport from fracture to matrix. Once the lower half of the sample was satur ated by water\, the infiltration of the wetting front along the vertical s mooth-walled fracture accelerated again. The sorptivity determined along t he horizontal direction varied in the range of 0.3073~0.3663 mm/s-0.5. Mor eover\, cumulative absorbed water volume in the investigated sandstone sam ple was determined at different imbibition time after the correction of ne utron scattering and beam hardening effect. It was found the cumulative ab sorbed water volume increased linearly with the square root of time at two stages. Cumulative absorbed water volume in the sample grew much fast at the first 4 seconds of imbibition. At last\, the time-lapse water content map of water imbibition in the investigated silty sandstone sample was pre sented. It seems the first report about of the visualization of the full p rocess of water imbibition in the smooth-walled fracture within a low perm eability silty sandstone sample by neutron radiography.\n\nhttps://events0 1.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1513/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1513/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Studying early stage pedogenesis using on-the-fly bimodal tomograp hy DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180903T230000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180903T232000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-1515@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Anders Kaestner (Paul Scherrer Institut)\nUrbanizati on and increasing sealing of the landscape by impervious surfaces lead to fast water runoff in the cities. In urban areas\, rain water is often chan neled towards swales where it is left to infiltrate through recently engin eered soil. As the runoff water is prone to carrying dissolved and colloid al contaminants\, it is important to investigate the water infiltration pr ocess through soil at swales\, estimating the soil’s water filtering cap abilities. Similarly\, green roofs of buildings contain specifically desi gned engineered soils. It is expected that soil properties are gradually c hanging during first months and years after plants introduction. This may results in changed water retention capacity\, evaporation rates\, runoff a mount and water filtration. The inner soil surface areas exposed to water flow paths need to be quantified for this purpose. Here it necessary to in volve non-invasive imaging techniques because soil is one of the most comp lex porous media that is known. We have combined neutron and X-Ray tomogra phy (NX) to elucidate the complex water flow through the organic matter ri ch engineered surface soil in the early stage of pedogenesis. Soils under study involved mixture of 20% topsoil\, 50% sand\, and 30 % compost as wel l as green roof growing media based mainly on crushed expanded clay and sp ongolite stone. One set of samples was prepared by packing of fresh materi al into aluminum cylinders\, while the second set samples was collected fr om experimental plots after two months of pedogenesis. The complexity of t he sample composition requires the information from a second imaging modal ity to reduce ambiguity in the interpretation. The challenge of the invest igation was that the water flow through the sample is relatively high whic h required on-the-fly acquisition using both modalities. This provided bim odal volume pairs acquired simultaneously at the rate of one per 180s usin g the NX installation [1] at ICON\, Paul Scherrer Institut\, [2]. We will illustrate the image processing chain and show results from the preliminar y analysis. The reconstruction was performed using our open-source CT reco nstruction software [3] and includes correction for scattering correction [4].\n\nBibliography\n[1] A. Kaestner\, J. Hovind\, P. Boillat\, C. Muehl ebach\, C. Carminati\, M. Zarebanadkoukiand and E. Lehmann\, "Bimodal imag ing at ICON using neutrons and X-rays\," Physics procedia\, vol. 88\, pp. 314-321\, 2017. \n[2] A. Kaestner\, S. Hartmann\, G. Kuehne\, G. Frei\, C . Grüzweig\, L. Josic\, F. Schmid and E. Lehmann\, "The ICON beamline - A facility for cold neutron imaging at SINQ\," Nuclear Instruments and Meth ods in Physics Research Section A\, vol. 659\, no. 1\, pp. 387-393\, 2011. \n[3] A. Kaestner\, "MuhRec - a new tomography reconstructor\," Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A\, vol. 651\, no. 1\, pp. 156-160\, 2011. \n[4] P. Boillat\, C. Carminati\, F. Schmid\, C. Gr ünzweig\, J. Hovind\, A. Kaestner\, D. Mannes\, M. Morgano\, M. Siegwart\ , P. Trtik\, P. Vontobel and E. Lehmann\, "Chasing quantitative biases in neutron imaging with scintillator-camera detectors: a practical method wit h black body grids\," Optics Express\, vol. Submitted\, 2018.\n\nhttps://e vents01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1515/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1515/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Analyzing neutron imaging data – an open-source collaboration DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180903T075000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180903T081000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-1587@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Anders Kaestner (Laboratory for Neutron Scattering a nd Imaging\, Paul Scherrer Institut\, Switzerland)\nIt is well-known that a neutron imaging experiment is not finished with the acquisition of the d ata\, but merely is the starting point for data processing and evaluation in order and to extract the information that is needed to draw conclusion s about the sample or the observed process. This can be very time consumin g depending on the amount of data and complexity of the information it con tains [1]. Imaging at pulsed neutron sources enables efficient acquisition of wavelength resolved image data sets\, but typically leads to an increa sed complexity of data analysis. In the majority of cases\, the analysis o f imaging data includes a sequence of similar operations\, at least for th e first steps. Later in the process\, analysis steps will be more specific with regards to method and sample\, but they in general still benefit fro m available building blocks to solve subtasks. While novel methods\, in pa rticular wavelength resolved techniques\, still require significant develo pment of software and analyses tools\, conventional experiments would prof it from unification and interoperability of analyses tools across availabl e instrumentation at different sites. The authors represent software devel opment initiatives for neutron imaging like [2] [3] at four major neutron sources and have decided to join forces to develop corresponding open sour ce analysis tools for neutron imaging [4]. \nThe neutron imaging user comm unity is very heterogeneous\, which is typically reflected in the requirem ents for software tools. All stakeholders agree that a full understanding of particular tools should not be a hurdle or prerequisite for users to a nalyze their data. This shall also be reflected in flexibility with regard s to that some users might require graphical user interfaces while others prefer scripting tools that allows flexible handling of multiple data sets . With this in mind\, we aim at making different aspects of energy resolve d imaging [5] available to a wider user community and allowing scientists to produce more high quality scientific results in shorter time. The prese ntation will provide an overview of the project\, its objectives as well a s an outline of developments and progress.\nBibliography\n\n[1] A. Kaestn er and M. Schulz\, "Processing Neutron Imaging Data - Quo Vadis\," Physics Procedia\, vol. 69\, pp. 336-342\, 2015. \n[2] A. Kaestner\, "MuhRec - a new tomography reconstructor\," Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physic s Research Section A\, vol. 651\, no. 1\, pp. 156-160\, 2011. \n[3] J. Bi lheux and H. Bilheux\, "iMARS (iMaging Analysis Software)\," Physics Proce dia\, vol. 69\, pp. 343-348\, 2015. \n[4] A. Kaestner and J. Bilheux\, "N eutron imaging open source repository\," [Online]. Available: https://gith ub.com/neutronimaging. [Accessed 10 April 2018].\n[5] R. Woracek\, J. San tisteban\, A. Fedrigo and M. Strobl\, "Diffraction in neutron imaging - A review\," Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A\, vol. 878\, pp. 141-158\, 2018.\n\nhttps://events01.synchrotron.org.au/even t/70/contributions/1587/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1587/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Pareto Optimal Solutions for a Neutron Radiography Collimator DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180903T071000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180903T073000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-1585@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Robert Nshimirimana (Necsa)\nNeutron radiography is a non-destructive technique extensively used in the investigation of mater ials. The integrity of the investigation depends in part on the quality of the radiographic image produced by a neutron radiography system. A neutro n collimator is one of the components that contribute to the quality of ra diograph. Optimization of a neutron collimator entails finding the balance between two conflicting objectives\, namely the size of homogeneous (flat flux) region and the intensity of the neutron beam flux. The diameter and the position of the collimator aperture are among the parameters that det ermine the homogeneity and the intensity of the neutron beam flux. It is d esirable to find the best parameters for a neutron collimator design. A co llimator optimizer based on ray tracing and multi-objective particle swarm optimization techniques was designed\, implemented and tested to provide design parameters in the form of Pareto optimal solutions. The desired opt imal solutions for the aperture diameter and position can be chosen from t he set of Pareto optimal front graphs\, to suite the conditions of a parti cular neutron radiography system. The test results showed that the Pareto optimal front graph has a linear form\, and all Pareto optimal solutions w ere found to be at the closest position from the neutron source.\n\nhttps: //events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1585/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1585/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:In-situ diagnostics of crystal growth by energy-resolved neutron i maging DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180903T061000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180903T063000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-1551@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Anton Tremsin (University of California at Berkeley) \nThere is usually a long delay between the discovery of novel single crys tal materials and their use in practical applications. The new materials a re often characterized with a small synthesized grain\, while many applica tions require relatively large crystals (e.g. large enough to absorb gamma photons in case of gamma detectors). Introduction of new single crystal m aterials is often limited by the difficulties related to crystal growth. O ptimization of single crystal growth techniques can benefit from the recen t progress in high-resolution energy-resolved neutron imaging\, which prov ides unique possibilities to perform in-situ measurements of process param eters\, which currently can be obtained only indirectly. \n\nThis paper pr esents the results of recent experiments demonstrating the possibility to measure the elemental distribution\, shape and location of liquid/solid in terface and structural defects in several single crystal materials develop ed for gamma detection. The concentration of several elements is imaged wi th sub-mm spatial resolution during crystal growth\, revealing the dynamic s of elemental segregation across the boundaries between the solid and liq uid phases as well within the liquid phases. \n\nOur results indicate that the optimization of growth parameters can be performed through a feedback control as information on the growth process can be obtained in real time (minutes to hours in crystal growth terms). This should enable a quick pa th in the search for optimal growth parameters\, thus greatly reducing tim escale between the laboratory material discovery and upscaling to commerci al/production.\n\n**References**\n\n[1] A. S. Tremsin\, et al.\, "In situ diagnostics of the crystal-growth process through neutron imaging: applica tion to scintillators" Journal of Applied Crystallography 49 (2016) 743-75 5.\n\n[2] A. S. Tremsin\, et al.\, “Real-time crystal growth visualizati on and quantification by energy-resolved neutron imaging”\, accepted Sci entific Reports (2017).\n\n[3] A.S. Tremsin\, D. Perrodin\, A.S. Losko\, S .C. Vogel\, T. Shinohara\, K. Oikawa\, J.H. Peterson\, C. Zhang\, J.J. Der by\, A.M. Zlokapa\, G.A. Bizarri\, E.D. Bourret\, “In-situ Observation o f Phase Separation During Growth of Cs2LiLaBr6:Ce Crystals Using Energy-Re solved Neutron Imaging”\, Cryst. Growth Des. 17 (2017) 6372-6381.\n\nhtt ps://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1551/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1551/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Dynamic Lithium Diffusion in Lithium Batteries studied by Rapid Ne utron Tomography DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180903T055000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180903T061000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-1557@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Ralf Ziesche (Electorchemical Innovation Lab\, Depar tment of Chemical Engineering\, University College London\, Torrington Pla ce\, London )\nLithium batteries are considered one of the most transforma tive technologies of the 20th century. They are a reliable power source fo r portable devices which are used every day by billions of users\, such as mobile phones\, laptops\, pacemakers and increasingly in electrical vehic les. Lithium batteries have high energy density and capacity\, superior re liability and long shelf life of up to 20 years. This makes them the best choice for applications in extreme environments.\nIt is essential for the development of the next generation lithium batteries to have a deeper unde rstanding of the macroscopic lithium diffusion processes insight the batte ries during dynamic discharging to elucidate mechanisms which reduce the b attery performance. To obtain such information three-dimensional imaging t echniques\, such as X-ray tomography\, are state of the art. However\, for direct imaging of lithium\, X-ray techniques are often unsuitable due to the high transparency for low-atomic number elements like lithium. Neutron s offer a superior alternative with a high sensitivity for lithium\, but n eutron tomography suffers from insufficient spatial and temporal resolutio n. During the last decade\, however\, new high reflective neutron guides a nd high sensitive neutron camera systems have led to a significant reducti on in the acquisition times.\nWe present time resolved in-operando neutron tomographies of the lithium diffusion process inside a commercial lithium – thionyl chloride battery (LS14250 from Saft) during discharging. The continuous three-dimensional imaging\, with 10 minutes exposure time per t omogram\, enables the visualisation of the lithium removal from the lithiu m-metal electrode and the lithium diffusion inside the thionyl chloride ca thode. The experiment allows quantification of the removed lithium from th e electrode as a function of time and correlate with electrochemical perfo rmance. Furthermore\, the evolution of $SO_{2}$ gas is detected which insu late regions on the anode and hinders the diffusion process in the cathode . Such processes can lead to a significant reduction in the capacity and p erformance of the battery. Our experiment demonstrated that neutron tomogr aphy is a powerful tool to image dynamic process in lithium batteries with a sufficient time resolution of the dynamic processes. Future work will f ocus on the application to a range of Li-ion chemistries and will seek to explore the degradation processes associated with long term operation and operation in extreme environments.\n\nhttps://events01.synchrotron.org.au/ event/70/contributions/1557/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1557/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Energy-resolved Neutron Imaging of Materials for Nuclear Energy DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180903T053000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180903T055000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-1554@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Kristian Myhre (Oak Ridge National Laboratory)\nNucl ear energy technologies are used to produce a significant portion of the w orld’s electricity\, and this will continue to be true as numerous count ries build or expand their nuclear power plant fleets. The continued use a nd growth of nuclear energy globally\, however\, faces significant materia ls science and engineering challenges. These include the development of ad vanced nuclear fuel materials with accident-tolerant properties\, structur al materials with high corrosion resistances\, and waste forms appropriate for geological disposition. Energy-resolved neutron imaging techniques su ch as neutron energy resonance imaging and Bragg edge imaging offer the ca pability to nondestructively characterize\, understand\, and explore mater ials for nuclear energy. Development of these techniques has grown exponen tially as pulsed neutron sources and neutron detectors continue to advance . Information that can be obtained and spatially resolved includes isotopi c composition\, temperature\, strain\, and stress\, as well as crystallogr aphic phase and orientation. Efforts are underway at Oak Ridge National La boratory to develop neutron imaging capabilities to study materials for nu clear energy. This discussion will focus on the recent progress to develop and leverage energy-resolved neutron imaging techniques to study material s with applications in the nuclear energy sector and will include recent e xperimental results. For example\, we have mapped the three-dimensional sp atial distribution of uranium and gadolinium in UO3-Gd2O3 spheres using ne utron energy resonance imaging to understand the chemical process used to produce them. Neutrons in the epithermal energy region (roughly 0.1 eV to 1 keV) were used. Results from preliminary studies using Bragg edge imagin g to understand the conversion of spherical uranium-containing kernels fro m oxide to either carbide or nitride\, which are of interest for use in se veral proposed advanced nuclear fuel forms\, will also be addressed.\n\nht tps://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1554/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1554/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Experimental Validation of the Model Connecting Time\, Contrast Wa thlength and Spatial Resolution DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180903T045000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180903T051000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-1574@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Mirco Grosse (Karlsruhe Institute of Technology)\nA model describing the connection between time\, spatial\, wavelength and co ntrast resolution was presented at ITMNR-8 in 2016 [1]. Resolution limits caused by the sample contrast were derived from the model. The resolution of neutron imaging measurements is limited by practically available illumi nation time. The time needed for radiography and tomography measurements d epends on the fifth and sixth power of the spatial resolution for radiogra phy and tomography measurements\, respectively. A general limitation is re ached if illumination times of several days per image or tomogram are reac hed. \nNeutron radiographs and a neutron tomography were measured at the B OA and POLDI beamline at SINQ (Paul Scherrer Institut\, Switzerland) as we ll as at the ANTARES beamline at FRM-2 (TU Munich\, Germany) to validate t he model. Test specimens consisting of an aluminium frame with gold (Σtot al = 6.28 cm-1) and hafnium (Σtotal = 5.12 cm-1) wires with a thicknesses of 75 and 125 µm\, respectively\, as well as copper (Σtotal = 1.00 cm-1 ) wires with thicknesses of 20\, 50\, 75 and 125 µm were illuminated at v arious times and collimations. The effective pixel size of the detectors a pplied was adapted by pixel rebining to fit the detector resolution to the wire thickness. \nThe results will be compared with the predictions of th e model. Whereas the hafnium wire becomes visible after few seconds\, The 20 µm thick copper wire was not visible even after 6 h illumination time at ANTARES with a collimation of 800 in terms of L/d. The gold\, hafnium a nd the copper wires with 125 and 75 µm thicknesses are visible in the rec onstruction of a tomography measured at Antares with 420 projections each 40 s illuminated. \nThe validity of the model premises are checked. The di fferences between visual and numerical analysis as well as the practically reachable resolution limits depending on the sample contrast will be disc ussed. \n\nReferences\n[1] M. Grosse\, N. Kardjilov\, Which Resolution ca n be Achieved in Practice in Neutron Imaging Experiments? - A General View and Application on the Zr - ZrH2 and ZrO2 - ZrN Systems\, Physics Procedi a 88 (2017) 266-274\n\nhttps://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contri butions/1574/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1574/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Development of energy-selective and element-sensitive imaging usin g a compact D-D fast neutron generator DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180903T033000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180903T035000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-1572@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Benoit Soubelet (ETH Zürich)\nThis work is focused on the development of energy-selective techniques using a compact Deuteriu m-Deuterium (D-D) fast neutron generator. This was done in the context of a custom D-D generator located at the Paul Scherrer Institute which was sp ecifically developed to have a small emitting spot size for transmission i maging purposes [1]. The basis of this study lies in the physics of the D- D fusion reaction: the neutrons produced are quasi-monoenergetic with an e nergy dependent on emission angle from roughly 2.2 to 2.8 MeV\, based on t he acceleration voltage limitation of the device. Samples can therefore be imaged at different emission angles corresponding to different neutron en ergies. Since neutron cross-sections have energy dependence unique to each element (unlike X-rays)\, this combination of information from different angles can be used in principle to distinguish one element or chemical fro m another. The inverse can also be performed\; instead of determining the content of an unknown sample\, measurements of a known and uniform sample can be used to produce cross-section data.\n\nThe first steps of this inve stigation included a feasibility study of these techniques. Detailed angle -dependent source emission spectra models were created according to differ ent target composition assumptions. These models were used to estimate att enuation vs. angle for several samples of known composition and thickness which have particularly prominent cross-section structures in the energy r ange of interest (e.g. alumina). Over the full range of emission angles\, plastic scintillators were used to measure count rates with sample present \, without sample\, and with a shadow cone\, in order to determine the sam ple attenuation. This was done with a custom\, automated mechanical appara tus around the source. Scatter correction was also implemented based on de tailed Monte Carlo simulations of the source and room geometry. The experi mental attenuation data were compared with simulations and found to be in good agreement\, demonstrating the fundamental feasibility of the approach .\n\nOngoing work aims to expand these measurements to include a range of materials which are of interest to industrial or homeland security applica tions. Furthermore\, the next step of performing full tomographic reconstr uction at multiple angles is being explored\, both with simulations and me asurements. The aim is to find the practical capabilities and limitations of determining the presence of materials of interest in samples of unknown composition. The latest results and progress towards this goal will be pr esented and discussed. \n\n---\n\n**References**\n[1] R. Adams\, R. Zboray \, H.-M. Prasser - *A novel fast-neutron tomography system based on a plas tic scintillator array and a compact D–D neutron generator* - **Applied Radiation and Isotopes**\, 107:1-7\, January 2016.\n\nhttps://events01.syn chrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1572/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1572/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Recent Advances in Neutron Imaging using a High-Flux Accelerator-B ased Neutron Generator DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180903T035000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180903T041000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-1570@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Michael Taylor (Phoenix LLC)\nNeutron imaging system s have been designed and constructed by Phoenix LLC to investigate low den sity material attributes of composites and other materials where other Non -destructive evaluation\, (NDE)\, methods do not suffice. The first-gener ation electronic neutron generator was commissioned in 2013 at a United St ates Army research facility to inspect munitions and other critical defens e and aerospace components. A second-generation neutron imaging system has undergone extensive testing at the Phoenix laboratory with an increased t otal neutron output from an upgraded gaseous deuterium target of 3x10^11 d euterium-deuterium (DD) neutrons/second. This system generates a higher n eutron flux at the imaging plane\, approximately 1x10^4 n/cm^2-sec\, which reduces interrogation time\, while maintaining high contrast and low geom etric unsharpness. A further optimized system is currently under construc tion and promises yet even higher neutron output with increased image qual ity regarding signal to noise\, contrast\, and resolution. This system is expected to be installed at a production plant in 2018 and will be the fi rst of its kind installed and used in a commercial setting. Phoenix’s te chnology offers high throughput and image quality for neutron radiographs\ , like images currently acquired at nuclear reactors\, but with greater ac cessibility\, an eased regulatory environment\, at a much-reduced cost\, a nd without great environmental or biological hazards. As neutron radiograp hy becomes more accessible due to the increased neutron yield of accelerat or-based systems\, a wider range of inspection techniques will be possible including digital radiography and computed tomography\, with shorter imag e acquisition times. A description of the Phoenix neutron generator and i maging system\, including the beamline\, target\, moderator and collimator \, various detector platforms\, and post processing techniques including n eutron interaction localization and computed tomography\, are demonstrated in this presentation. Neutron radiographs captured with a Phoenix neutro n radiography system will be presented for both analog and digital based f ormats. \n\nKeywords:\n\nNeutron\, radiography\, munitions\, artillery\, a erospace\, imaging\, direct radiography\, computed radiography\, computed tomography\n\nMichael Taylor\nPhoenix LLC (www.phoenixwi.com)\n2555 Indust rial Drive\nMonona\, WI 53713 USA\n608/210-3060\nmichael.taylor@phoenixwi. com\n\nhttps://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1570/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1570/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Evaluation of micro-strain\, dislocation density and crystallite s ize from broadening of multiple Bragg-edges observed by pulsed neutron tra nsmission imaging DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180903T043000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180903T045000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-1569@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Hirotaka Sato (Hokkaido University)\nIt is recognize d that Bragg-edge neutron transmission method can deduce crystal structure \, crystalline phase\, crystallographic texture\, crystallite size (from t he primary extinction effect) and macro-strain in the imaging mode. In thi s study\, further material information\, micro-strain\, dislocation densit y and crystallite size\, were deduced by broadening analysis of multiple B ragg-edges.\n　So far\, we have investigated that Bragg-edge broadening ( FWHM of d-spacing distribution) is same as diffraction peak FWHM [1]\, and proportional to ferrite/martensite ratio and the Vickers hardness [2]. Ho wever\, the FWHM can be separated to the crystallite size component and th e micro-strain component relating to dislocation density [3]. In addition\ , the dislocation density is very important information for material stren gth characterizations. For this reason\, we tried to separate these broade ning components\, and deduce micro-strain\, crystallite size and dislocati on density by using the Williamson-Hall (WH) method. The WH method needs l ine-broadening information of various diffraction indices.\n　Pulsed neut ron transmission and diffraction experiment [1\,4] was performed at J-PARC MLF BL19 “TAKUMI”. During a tensile test of a low-carbon ferritic ste el plate\, both data of transmission (by 256-pixels Li-6 glass-scintillato r detector) and diffraction (by TAKUMI) were measured. As a result\, Bragg -edges and diffraction peaks of various diffraction indices were obtained. \n　We firstly checked the classical WH (cWH) plots [3] of both transmiss ion data and diffraction data. This shows relation between Bragg-edge broa denings and diffraction peak broadenings for various diffraction indices. As a result\, it was confirmed that Bragg-edge broadenings corresponded to diffraction peak broadenings. In addition\, it was correctly observed tha t the cWH plots did not have linearity due to the anisotropic elasticity. Thus\, Bragg-edge broadening is consistent with diffraction peak broadenin g for multiple diffraction indices. This means that the same data analysis procedure as the diffraction method can be applied to the Bragg-edge tran smission method.\n　For dislocation density analysis\, various high-relia bility methods have been proposed in X-ray/neutron diffractometry\; modifi ed WH plot\, modified Warren-Averbach method\, CMWP fitting etc. For a low -carbon steel (only ferrite phase) under cold deformation like this experi ment\, Akama et al. found the best method\; the corrected cWH plot and a d islocation density estimation method using a slope of the plot [5]. By usi ng this method\, the Bragg-edge neutron transmission imaging method can qu antitatively deduce the dislocation density. As a result\, it was found th at the dislocation density after the tensile test was about 2~3×10^14 m^- 2\, and this value was consistent with a similar X-ray diffraction study [ 5]. Since the corrected cWH model is usable\, we are now developing a new fitting program for Bragg-edge neutron transmission spectra by using this model. Owing to this\, it is expected that reduction of the analytical err or is achieved in the imaging mode.\n　The authors are thankful to Dr. S. Harjo\, Dr. S. Takata\, Dr. T. Ito and Dr. K. Aizawa for experimental ass istances at TAKUMI.\n\nReferences\n[1] T. Kamiyama et al.\, Phys. Procedia 88 (2017) 50.\n[2] H. Sato et al.\, Mater. Trans. 56 (2015) 1147.\n[3] G. K. Williamson and W. H. Hall\, Acta Metall. 1 (1953) 22.\n[4] K. Iwase et al.\, J. Appl. Crystallogr. 45 (2012) 113.\n[5] D. Akama et al.\, J. Soc. Mater. Sci. Jpn. 66 (2017) 522.\n\nhttps://events01.synchrotron.org.au/ev ent/70/contributions/1569/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1569/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:HIGH RESOLUTION HIGH ENERGY NEUTRON COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY AT LANSCE- WNR DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180903T041000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180903T043000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-1564@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: James Hunter (Los Alamos National Lab)\nIt has long been recognized that neutrons can compliment x-rays for imaging. This is due to their very different attenuation characteristics based on nuclear c ross-section\, which allows imaging of low Z materials through higher Z ma terials. Additionally one can use energy dependent Time of Flight (ToF) i maging to exploit phenomenon like nuclear resonances for isotope and eleme nt specific imaging. The Los Alamos Neutron Science Center (LANSCE) accel erator is an 800 MeV proton linear accelerator which supplies protons to a range of missions including two spallation neutron targets\, one moderate d (water and liquid hydrogen) and one unmoderated. This combination of ta rgets provides flight paths which have cold\, thermal to epi-thermal and f ast neutron energy ranges. In addition the proton pulse structure of the LANSCE accelerator provides neutron pulse lengths of 200 g/cm2 and a CT s can time of less than 12 hrs. Fast neutron imaging at high resolution is an area with relatively sparse development due to a lack of available high intensity sources. This talk focuses on advances made in fast neutron im aging at LANSCE-WNR over the last 4 years including flight path modificati ons\, scintillator development and detector testing. Results are shown fo r a range of scintillators\, flat panel detectors and lens coupled camera systems. In addition energy discriminating Time of Flight images from 2 to 60 MeV are shown. Imaging results are shown on imaging quality indicat ors\, a range of industrial parts (cracking\, casting voids\, etc) and on fossils of various sizes. Where available x-ray CT results are shown on t he same parts to demonstrate the pros and cons of fast neutron imaging. F inally\, ongoing work and outlook for continued improvement in fast neutro n imaging will be discussed.\n\nhttps://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/ 70/contributions/1564/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1564/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Volume Graphics DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180903T015000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180903T023000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-2052@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/205 2/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/2052/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Novel scintillation screen with significantly improved radiation h ardness and very high light output DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180903T011000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180903T013000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-1622@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Bernhard Walfort ()\nNovel scintillation screen with significantly improved radiation hardness and very high light output\n\nB ernhard Walfort1\, Christian Grünzweig2\, Pavel Trtik2\, Manuel Morgano2\ , Markus Strobl2\n1 RC Tritec AG\, Speicherstrasse 60 a\, CH-9053 Teufen\, Switzerland\, walfort@rctritec.com \n2 Paul Scherrer Institut\, Labo ratory for Neutron Scattering and Imaging (LNS)\, WBBA 108\, CH-5232 Villi gen\, Switzerland\; christian.gruenzweig@psi.ch\n\nThat the bombardment wi th a high energy radiation has an effect on the material properties is wel l known since many years [1]. Vacancies or disorder incorporated in the ma terial can have a significant influence on the luminous intensity of scint illation material. In the development of scintillation material for high e nergy particle detection big efforts have been done within the last years [2]. Actually the highly radiation resistant garnets seem to be the state of the art in that field [2].\nIt is known that neutrons affecting\, espec ially the alpha and triton particle originating from the capture reaction\ , lead to a degradation of scintillator screens regarding the light output versus neutron fluence. Two different kind of scintillators are commonly used for neutron imaging applications: (i) 6LiF/ZnS scintillation screens with very high light output and reasonable resolution and (ii) Gd2O2S:Tb s cintillation screens for very high resolution measurements but 10 times le ss light output.\nWithin a 2 years development project with PSI we wanted to understand for the 6LiF/ZnS scintillator type the effects which are res ponsible for the degradation mechanism and therewith be able to develop a more radiation hard neutron scintillator system. The goal was to not only improve radiation hardness but also to improve the light output in compari son to the traditional 6LiF/ZnS-scintillation screens.\nIn this talk the r esults of this development project\, leading to a new type of scintillatio n screen with significantly improved radiation hardness\, but still very h igh light output\, are presented. \n\n[1] Kurt E. Sickafus\, Eugene A. Kot omin\, Blas P. Uberuaga “Radiation Effects in Solids” Springer\, 2004 . ISBN-10 1-4020-5294-4 (PB) .\n[2] P.Lecoq\, A.Gektin\, M.Korzhik\, Scint illation material for detector systems\, Springer\, 2017\, P.408.\n\nhttps ://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1622/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1622/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Wavelength-resolved neutron imaging on IMAT DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180903T001000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20180903T003000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260513T223643Z UID:indico-contribution-70-1529@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Winfried Kockelmann (STFC Rutherford Appleton Labora tory )\nThe ‘IMAT’ instrument\, which specializes in Imaging and MATer ials science\, is now well into its commissioning phase. The basic perform ance parameters for white-beam tomography and energy-dispersive neutron im aging have been determined [ 1 ] and the instrument is currently being pre pared for user operation [ 2 ]. Here we report on the evaluation of the wa velength-resolving imaging options on IMAT\, including pink-beam imaging u sing disk choppers and energy-dispersive Bragg edge imaging using time-res olving detectors. These time-of-flight techniques enable image contrast en hancement and mapping of structure properties. We will review the recent i nfrastructure installations and software developments that have been under taken to take advantage of these techniques\, making the facility ready fo r applications in a diverse range of disciplines such as engineering mater ial science\, battery research\, earth science and cultural heritage.\n\n[ 1 ] T. Minniti\, et al.\, Nucl. Instr. Methods A 888 (2018) 184.\n[ 2 ] W. Kockelmann et al.\, J. Imaging 4 (2018) 47.\n\nhttps://events01.synchr otron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1529/ LOCATION:Australian National Maritime Museum Lighthouse Gallery URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/70/contributions/1529/ END:VEVENT END:VCALENDAR