BEGIN:VCALENDAR VERSION:2.0 PRODID:-//CERN//INDICO//EN BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Effect of Hot Isostatic Pressing (HIP) on additively manufactured Ti6Al4V microlattice structures DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171206T030000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171206T032500Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260519T093904Z UID:indico-contribution-47-1050@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Dhriti Bhattacharyya (ANSTO\, Lucas Heights\, NSW 22 34\, Australia)\nThe quality of additively manufactured metallic microlatt ice materials is reported to be dependent on process parameters. These fab ricated structures have inherent defects such as micro-voids. The build an gle of the part is likely to affect its microstructure and mechanical prop erties due to the stacking-layered-fused nature of the metal powder in Pow der Bed Fusion (PBF) process\, which is essentially a vertical building pa radigm. In this study\, two Ti6Al4V microlattice structures\, one with Bod y Centered Cubic (BCC) and another with additional vertical pillar (BCC-Z) unit cell\, were manufactured using Electron Beam Melting (EBM) method. The initial structures were examined using the Neutron imaging instrument DINGO at ANSTO\, in order to detect large internal defects if possible. Wh ile the effects of build angle may be avoided only with great difficulty\, Hot Isostatic Pressing (HIP) was conducted as a suitable post-processing step to mitigate these effects by removing porosity. Since both the struct ures are made up by interconnecting struts\, representative strut-length s amples were extracted before and after the HIP process and were subjected to Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM)\, Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (ED S) and Electron Backscatter Diffraction (EBSD). It is observed that the HI P process was able to remove significant amount of porosity and resulted i n overall coarsening of the titanium alloy microstructure.\n\nhttps://even ts01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1050/ LOCATION: URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1050/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Production of Intermetallic Alloys by Powder Metallurgy: the Disti nguishing Features of the Hot Isostatic Pressing DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171207T215000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171207T221500Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260519T093904Z UID:indico-contribution-47-1048@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Alexander Logachev (JSC"Kompozit")\nWe have proposed a following approach to determine the parameters of hot isostatic pressin g (HIP) intend for consolidation of the powders from intermetallic alloys with a large prone to embrittlement at ambient temperatures. We analyze a temperature dependence of the mechanical properties (0.02 proof stress\, σ0.02) and diffusion characteristics (the diffusion coefficients in the b ulk and along interfaces) of the alloy and use the following manner to a c hoice of the HIP parameters (the temperature THIP and the pressure PHIP). If one needs to conserve a small-grained microstructure in the compacted state after HIP\, PHIP pressure at a given temperature has to be smaller t han σ0.02 and a condition of the large diffusion path of vacancies in the microstructure has to be fulfiled. When a significant coarsening of the m icrostructure under HIP is acceptable\, PHIP pressure has to be larger tha n σ0.02 without a control of diffusivity. \nAn ability of HIP to form dif ferend kinds of microstructures is especially important in a case of treat ing the materials having a large tendency to embrittlement at ambient temp eratures. Here we have used such an approach to consolidation of the powde rs from intermetallic Ni3Al-base alloy and presented the data deal with mi crostructure and mechanical properties of this alloy.\n\nhttps://events01. synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1048/ LOCATION: URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1048/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Development of constructive and technological solutions for the ma nufacture of blisks turbine by connecting the disk with shrouded blades un der hot isostatic pressing DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171206T061500Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171206T064000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260519T093904Z UID:indico-contribution-47-1047@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Liubov Magerramova (Alexandrovna)\nIn order increasi ng the gas-dynamic and strength characteristics of the turbine wheel gas t urbine engines and reducing their weight the bimetallic turbine blisk with shrouded blades was engineered. To connect the separately cast shrouded b lades nickel superalloy with disc of heat-resistant alloy powder is sugges ted a method of hot isostatic pressing (HIP). The complexity of the proble m of connecting is caused by the presence of the shrouds on the periphery of the blades. These should provide a good contact on the working faces of the shrouds into the operation condition. To solve this problem a process flow diagram with the calculation of forming a capsule during hot isostat ic pressing and a capsule for manufacturing disk piece were developed.\n\n https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1047/ LOCATION: URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1047/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Diffusion bonding of Al 6061and Cu by hot isostatic pressing DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171206T070000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171206T090000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260519T093904Z UID:indico-contribution-47-1045@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: qing teng (Huazhong University of Science and Techno logy)\nIn this work\, diffusion bonding between Aluminum and Copper were s uccessfully performed by hot isostatic pressing (HIP). In order to improve the strength of diffusion bonding joint\, different thickness of pure Nic kel foils was used as an intermediate layer. The microstructure of the int erface between Aluminum and Copper was investigated using X-ray diffractio n (XRD) technique\, secondary electron microscopy (SEM)\, and the mechanic al property evacuated through nanoindentation test.\n\nhttps://events01.sy nchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1045/ LOCATION: URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1045/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Advances in HIP Equipment with the Tie-Rod and Quick Can Approache s DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171206T234000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171207T000500Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260519T093904Z UID:indico-contribution-47-1044@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Robert Conaway (1944)\nThrough the last 30 years\, I sostatic Forging International Ltd (IFI) has developed innovative concepts of HIP equipment that shows great promise for the full range of HIP proce ssing from the very smallest (and fastest) units to the units of unprecede nted size and capability.\n\nWith all advances of the precision casting an d PM technologies the sizes of the large components are limited only by th e size of the HIP systems. Moreover\, the cost of the largest PM parts oft en exceeds the cost of the HIP cycles. \nThe larger the HIP\, the more req uirements are imposed on the safety of the operations. Therefore the damag e tolerance of the HIP equipment and the cost efficiency of making parts t hrough HIP become the factors of the major importance.\n\nThe IFI Tie-Rod Pressure Containment System (PCS) is a robust pressure vessel substitute t hat is extremely damage tolerant with a design that is analysis and inspec tion friendly. The design does not depend upon statically indeterminate f actors (such as pre-stress and friction). Furthermore it can be disassembl ed and inspected equivalent to the original build. An advanced design of the Tie-Rod PCS done through modern techniques of fracture mechanics enab les to reliably scale up the system with practically no limits\n\nThe Quic k Can technique enables an access to the interior of a HIP can during the HIPing procedure so that the integrity of the HIP can be monitored and con trolled through the whole process\, hot out-gassing can be substantially e nhanced and reactive refining of the powder surface performed.\n\nThis pre sentation will review our work to date and the promise for future developm ent as well as formulate detailed requirements to the design of the HIP Sy stem from the point of view of the manufacturer of large scale parts.\n.\n \nhttps://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1044/ LOCATION: URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1044/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Heat treatment inside the HIP-Unit DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171206T041500Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171206T044000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260519T093904Z UID:indico-contribution-47-1043@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Nils Wulbieter (Chair of Materials Technology\, Ruhr -Universität Bochum\, Germany)\nThe possibility to combine the densificat ion or compaction of steel parts with a heat treatment has evolved recentl y by the production of HIP-Units with a rapid quenching device. Since then several studies have been performed to assess the cooling speed and show possibilities to heat treat steels. It was shown before that several alloy ed steel grades can be hardened with the method of quenching inside a HIP. This study aims to characterize the impact of high isostatic pressure dur ing austenitization and quenching on the transformation behavior and resul ting microstructure of hardenable steels. In order to study the effects of the pressure during quenching two methods have been applied. The first me thod is to measure the latent heat during isothermal holding inside the tr ansforming steel. The release or uptake of energy reveals information abou t the succession of the transformation that takes place. Secondly the elec trical resistivity of a steel can be used as a sensitive indicator for the existing phases and solution state of steel during continuous cooling aft er austenitization. The two analytical methods both reveal that isostatic pressure of 170 MPa is sufficient to shift the transformations and hence\, increase hardenability of martensitic hardenable steel.\n\nhttps://events 01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1043/ LOCATION: URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1043/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Mechanical Strength Evaluation of Superconducting Magnet Structure by HIP Bonding Method DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171205T220000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171205T222500Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260519T093904Z UID:indico-contribution-47-1042@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Kaoru Ueno (Metal Technology Co. Ltd.)\nAt the previ ous international conference HIP ‘14 it was suggested that the HIP metho d for the fabrication of the radial plate segment\, which is the structure for supporting the toroidal magnetic field coil of ITER\, be used.\nThe p urpose of this suggestion was to improve the material yield and reduce the time spent on the machining process.\nIn order to verify that a uniform H IP effect for a large structure\, a mock-up was fabricated using diffusion bonding method.\nMechanical strength tests were performed at both room te mperature and cryogenic temperature on various locations of the mock-up.\n The yield strength of the bonded area was about 920 MPa at 4 K (kelvin)\, and it was approximately the same yield strength as the base material afte r HIP treatment.\nHowever\, yield strength of the base material was reduce d due to heat input\, decreasing by 28% at room temperature and by 8% at 4 K\, comparing before and after HIP treatment.\nIn order to apply HIP bond ing for fabrication of each part\, it is necessary to obtain the optimal p arameters\, to achieve the best results for the bonded area and the base m aterial.\nFocusing on the HIP bonding temperature as a parameter for deter mining the optimal conditions for diffusion bonding\, small test pieces we re bonded at various temperatures by HIP treatment.\nFrom the results of t he mechanical strength and micro structure analysis of the bonded area\, t he optimization of the bonding condition can be estimated.\n\nhttps://even ts01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1042/ LOCATION: URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1042/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Overview of properties\, features and developments of PM HIP 316L and 316LN DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171206T032500Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171206T035000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260519T093904Z UID:indico-contribution-47-1041@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Martin Östlund (Sandvik Materials Technology)\nPM H IP 316L is an alloy that is of increased interest for nuclear applications since it´s recent ASME code case approval. Over the years comprehensive data and understanding of the properties and features have been collected and evaluated which will be summarised in this article. Since the early de velopments of the PM HIP technology it has been observed that PM HIP alloy s generally exhibit higher yield strengths compared to their conventional counterparts\, a feature that applies well for 316L. In this article this is demonstrated\, both by using the Hall-Petch relationship as well as Pic kering´s and Irvine´s empirically derived relationship between compositi on\, grain size and yield strength for austenitic stainless steels. Furthe rmore\, a mechanism generating the increased yield strength in PM HIP 316L vs conventionally manufactured 316L will be proposed. Results also show t hat low oxygen contents itself is not a guarantee for good or increased p erformance in form of mechanical properties\, but that there are other fea tures that is of similar or perhaps even higher importance in order to ach ieve good properties. The results of this article includes microstructural properties derived from EBSD measurements as well as tensile and impact p roperties in a wide range of test temperatures of PM HIP 316L from several powder batches manufactured at different locations and processed with var ious HIP and heat treatment procedures. Finally\, some results regarding c reep properties of PM HIP 316L is presented.\n\nhttps://events01.synchrotr on.org.au/event/47/contributions/1041/ LOCATION: URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1041/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Effect of processing parameters on intermetallic phase content and impact toughness for super duplex alloy PM HIP Sandvik SAF 2507™ DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171207T003000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171207T010500Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260519T093904Z UID:indico-contribution-47-1040@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Martin Östlund (Sandvik Materials Technology)\nPM H IP is a widely applied manufacturing technology to produce thick walled an d complex shaped duplex and super duplex stainless steel (DSS and SDSS) co mponents for the petrochemical as well as the oil and gas industry. The PM HIP process offers the advantage of a fine grained microstructure which g enerates an increased resistance to HISC (Hydrogen Induced Stress Cracking ) as well as higher yield strength. A limiting factor when producing thick walled components of DSS and SDSS alloys is the precipitation of brittle intermetallic phases which results in decreased corrosion resistance and i mpact toughness if high enough fractions are precipitated. The precipitati on of intermetallic phases is a diffusion controlled process that may take place during quenching following solution annealing if the cooling rate i s too slow. The thicker wall of the component\, the slower is the cooling in the center of the wall which enables increased intermetallic phase prec ipitation. In this article it is shown that a coarser PM HIP microstructur e results in lower contents of intermetallic phases after water quenching. However\, despite of the lower intermetallic phase content the impact tou ghness is not improved and this is explained by the fracture mechanisms as shown by instrumented impact testing and fracture surface analysis.\n\nht tps://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1040/ LOCATION: URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1040/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Past and Present Applications of Synroc DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171205T213500Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171205T220000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260519T093904Z UID:indico-contribution-47-1037@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Eric Vance (ANSTO)\nSince the year 2000\, Synroc has evolved from the titanate full-ceramics developed in the late 1970s to a technology platform that can be applied to produce glass\, glass–ceramic \, and ceramic waste forms and where there are distinct advantages in term s of waste loading and suppressing volatile losses. Recent efforts have f ocused strongly on waste form development for plutonium-bearing wastes in the UK\, for different options for the immobilization of Idaho calcines an d most recently developing an engineered waste form for the intermediate l evel wastes arising from 99Mo production\, for the Australian Nuclear Scie nce and Technology Organisation (ANSTO). A variety of other studies are cu rrently in progress\, including engineered waste forms for spent fuel and investigating the proliferation risks for titanate-based waste forms conta ining highly enriched uranium or plutonium. This paper also attempts to gi ve some perspective on Synroc waste forms and process technology developme nt in the nuclear waste management industry.\n\nhttps://events01.synchrotr on.org.au/event/47/contributions/1037/ LOCATION: URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1037/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:The effect of HIP treatment on mechanical properties of titanium a luminide additively manufactured by EBM DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171207T224000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171207T230500Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260519T093904Z UID:indico-contribution-47-1035@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Robert Joseph (Metal Technology Co. Ltd.)\nTitanium aluminide\, one of important next generation high temperature materials\, attracts intense R&D interests\, and the application for aeronautics and s pace fields is seriously studied. TiAl components additively manufactured by us possesses more than 99% density and good mechanical properties\, how ever residual voids are problematic in the area where cyclic properties ar e important\, therefore HIP treatment is necessary. In this study\, the ef fect of HIP treatment on the lamellar structure of TiAl alloy which showed excellent tensile ductility is investigated.\n\nhttps://events01.synchrot ron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1035/ LOCATION: URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1035/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Experience in HIP Diffusion Welding of Dissimilar Metals and Alloy s DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171207T230500Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171207T233000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260519T093904Z UID:indico-contribution-47-1034@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Victor Butrim (JSC"Kompozit" Deputy director general )\nHIP solid-state diffusion welding is a controlled process during all st ages of technological process. Unlike other known solid-state welding tech niques the HIP allows to provide strong and dense welded joint with stabil ity properties irrespective of the sizes and a configuration of welded mat erials contact surfaces.\nHere we present some special pilot examples of H IP diffusion welding of dissimilar metals and alloys: steel XM19 to steel 316L\, bronze Cu-Cr-Zr to steel 316L\, copper M1 to steel Fe-18Cr-10Ni-Ti- C\, titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V to steel Fe-18Cr-10Ni-Ti-C\, single-crystal m olybdenum to polycrystal molybdenum.\n\nhttps://events01.synchrotron.org.a u/event/47/contributions/1034/ LOCATION: URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1034/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:HIP process of a valve body to Near-Net-Shape using Grade 91 powde r DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171207T010500Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171207T013000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260519T093904Z UID:indico-contribution-47-1033@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Toyohito Shiokawa (Metal Technology Co. Ltd.)\nMater ial used for steam piping of power plants is exposed to high temperatures and high pressures over long periods. As a consequence\, forged Grade 91 a lloy steel is commonly chosen to meet these demands. However\, complicated structures such as a valve body need to be machined from large forged blo cks. As a result\, the machining time is long and the material weight is h eavy. Therefore\, by manufacturing a valve body with near net technology\, both time and material weight can be reduced.\nThis paper will present 1) A survey of the dimensions of a near net shape valve body by HIP\, 2) An investigation of the mechanical properties of NNS Grade 91\, 3) A comparis on of the structure of a HIP sintered product and a forged product\, 4) Th e machining time and material weight of a near net molded product by HIP c ompared to a product forged from blocks. This paper will illustrate that t he near net shaped product was able to reduce the machining time by 30% an d the material weight by 40% than when machining from a forged product.\n\ nhttps://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1033/ LOCATION: URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1033/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:ANSTO’s Plutonium Wasteform Research DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171205T231500Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171205T234000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260519T093904Z UID:indico-contribution-47-1032@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Actinide-bearing waste streams which typically include fissile material\, for example Pu-239\, offer unique immobilization challenges. K ey aspects to waste form design include maximizing the waste loading\, pro ducing a chemically durable product\, maintaining flexibility to accommoda te waste variations\, a proliferation resistance to prevent theft and dive rsion\, and appropriate process technology to produce waste forms that mee t requirements for actinide waste streams. \nSynroc waste forms incorporat e the actinides within mineral phases\, producing products which are much more durable in water than baseline borosilicate glasses. Other advantages are that the mineral phases can incorporate neutron absorbers allowing cr iticality control both during processing and whilst within the repository as well as high waste loadings and increased proliferation resistance. Wi th a waste loading of 40-50 wt.%\, Synroc would also be considered a stron g candidate as an engineered waste form for used nuclear fuel and highly e nriched uranium-rich wastes. The HIP technology offers several advantages such as increased density\, minimum grain size and removes the need for co stly and bulky off-gas systems. This paper will highlight the latest devel opments of Synroc as an advanced waste form and technology platform for ac tinide bearing wastes including recent radiation damage results of high zi rconolite glass-ceramic wasteforms for plutonium immobilization.\n\nhttps: //events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1032/ LOCATION: URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1032/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Hot Isostatic Pressing of the Water Atomized Steel Powder Prealloy ed with Chromium DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171207T053000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171207T055500Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260519T093904Z UID:indico-contribution-47-1030@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Eduard Hryha (Chalmers University of Technology)\nTy pically gas atomized powder grades are used for hot isostatic pressing. Ga s atomization provides spherical powder with the high purity that is requi red for HIP. Water atomized steel powder is significantly cheaper but has some drawbacks when it comes to the powder purity\, irregular powder surfa ce\, difficulty to produce high alloyed materials\, etc. \nRecent advancem ent in the water atomization allows manufacturing of iron and low-alloyed steel powder with the purity close to gas atomized powder from the surface oxide composition point of view. Hence\, HIPing of industrially water ato mized steel powder\, prealloyed with 3 wt.% Cr and 0.5 wt.% Mo is performe d in this study. Graphite powder is admixed to the base powder (0.4 wt.%) in order to achieve required steel composition and further HIPed as well. Oxide transformation in the system is discussed based on the initial powde r surface oxide analysis and analysis of the fracture surface of the HIPed components. These are studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) a nd high-resolution scanning electron microscopy (HR SEM) combined with EDX . The mechanical properties of the HIPed material are evaluated and result s are discussed with regard to the influence of residual surface oxides an d microstructure. Full density components were obtained in case of both\, pure powder and powder admixed with graphite. Mechanical properties were o n the level expected for the fully dense material\, indicating potential o f HIPing of water atomized powder. Further efforts to improve powder filli ng are necessary to get full advantage of the HIPing of water atomized pow ders.\n\nhttps://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1030/ LOCATION: URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1030/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Surface Chemistry of Steel Powder and its Changes during HIP Proce ssing DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171206T010000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171206T012500Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260519T093904Z UID:indico-contribution-47-1029@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Eduard Hryha (Chalmers University of Technology)\nMe tal powders are characterized by the large surface area that results in hi gh surface reactivity of the powder. This is especially important in case of complex alloys containing elements with high sensitivity to oxygen (Cr\ , Mn\, Si\, V\, Zr\, etc.) such as tool steels\, Ni-base super-alloys\, st ainless steels\, etc. The residual surface oxides hinder the metallic bond ing between the powder particles and remain as crack propagation sites. Th erefore\, knowledge concerning initial state of the powder before HIP as w ell as oxide transformation during HIP process is of vital importance to a ssure defect-free manufacturing of HIP components. \nIn this study the eff ect of the surface oxide composition in high alloyed steels such as austen itic steel E316L and two tool steels (X40CrMoV5-1 and HS6-5-3) are being e xamined. The oxides present on the initial powder surface are examined by means of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and high-resolution scanni ng electron microscopy (HRSEM+EDX). Results indicate that the base powder is covered by a heterogeneous surface oxide layer\, formed by thin iron ox ide layer (\n\nhttps://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/ 1029/ LOCATION: URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1029/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:The effect of element Hafnium on the microstructure and mechanical properties of as-HIPed FGH4097 PM superalloy DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171207T064500Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171207T071000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260519T093904Z UID:indico-contribution-47-1027@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Jian Jia (Central Iron and Steel Research Institute) \, Yiwen Zhang (Central Iron and Steel Research Institute)\nFGH4097 is a n ew type of powder metallurgy (PM) superalloy developed in China. It is mai nly used as the key hot end components for the advanced aero-engines\, for instance the turbine disc and compressor disk etc. Powders of FGH4097 all oy were produced by plasma rotating electrode process (PREP) firstly\, and then consolidated into billets with a size of Φ80*135mm by hot isostatic pressing (HIP). The size of FGH4097 alloy powder canned is +50 -150μm. T he HIPed condition is 1180~1220℃/130MPa/4h. The billet is heat treated b y solid solution\, and then aged three times. The influence of element Haf nium with different content on the grain size\, γ′ phase\, MC carbide i n as-HIPed FGH4097 alloy was studied by means of metallurgical microscope\ , scanning electron microscope and physiochemical phase analysis. And the major mechanical properties of each PM superalloy were investigated\, such as tensile properties\, stress rupture properties\, and fatigue crack pro pagation rate. The results showed that Hf had no effect on the grain size\ , the size of γ′ phase\, and the size and morphology of MC carbide. But Hf promoted the precipitation of γ′ phase and MC carbide\, and changed the chemical compositon of γ′ phase and MC carbide\, and accelerated t he splitting of γ′ phase from one instable cubic γ′ particle to stab le octet of cubes. Appropriate Hf content was helpful for improving mechan ical properties\, such as impact ductility\, tensile plasticity\, stress r upture life\, and fatigue crack propagation resistance. FGH4097 PM superal loy containing 0.30% Hf presented the best comprehensive mechanical proper ties.\n\nhttps://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1027/ LOCATION: URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1027/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:60 years after Battelle: why to HIP\, what to HIP and how to HIP? (Science and Technology behind the Wall of an Autoclave) DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171206T220000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171206T222500Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260519T093904Z UID:indico-contribution-47-1026@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Victor Samarov (LNT PM Inc.)\nThe paper analyzes 40 years of personal experience in developments of PM HIP processes along wit h the general tendencies of HIP evolution from a process developed in Bat telle in 1956 to solve some specific problems in nuclear technology to a world-wide technology of building new materials and structures for critic al applications\nFundamental physical and technological differences of HIP from other consolidation and shaping processes are analyzed and the most important applications- outlined. \nThe major advances in performance of t he PM HIPed parts and in PM HIP technology built on the physical princi ples of thermo-dynamics and heat and mass transfer\, are considered throug h:\n- development of large size complex shape components much beyond the limits of casting and forging processes\,\n- near-net shaping (NNS) capabi lities brought by modeling and HIP tooling design\;\n - enhancement of th e properties and performance of large parts through the use of advanced P M alloys and powder compositions\;\n- radical enhancement of non-destructi ve inspection of HIPed materials and shapes\;\n- new cost efficient solu tions for powders and integrated or reusable HIP tooling in conjunction w ith evolving Additive Manufacturing technologies\;\n- modeling of micro-st ructural evolution and formation of mechanical properties during HIP conso lidation\; \nTechnological\, engineering and scientific requirements to t he newly developed HIP Equipment and HIP cycles brought by the Near Net S hape PM Technology are developed and formulated\n\nhttps://events01.synchr otron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1026/ LOCATION: URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1026/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:High Pressure Heat Treatment - Phase Transformation Under Isostati c Pressure in HIP DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171206T225000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171206T231500Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260519T093904Z UID:indico-contribution-47-1025@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Magnus Ahlfors (Quintus Technologies AB)\nHot Isosta tic Pressing is widely used today to eliminate internal defects in compone nts to achieve improved material properties like ductility and fatigue. Wi th the modern HIP systems that Quintus Technologies can offer today there are possibilities to incorporate more processes steps into the HIP process . These process steps can be stress relief\, solutionizing\, quenching\, a geing\, tempering etc. performed in the same equipment during the same cyc le which makes a very effective process route.\n\nIn this paper the possib ilities for different HIP and heat treatment cases will be discussed toget her with results from trials within the combination of HIP and heat treatm ent. The results are a very cost effective way to obtain a material with t he desired properties.\n\nhttps://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/con tributions/1025/ LOCATION: URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1025/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Taylor-Made Net-Shape Composite Components by Combining Additive M anufacturing and Hot Isostatic Pressing DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171207T212500Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171207T215000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260519T093904Z UID:indico-contribution-47-1024@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Sebastian Riehm (RWTH Aachen University\, Institute for Materials Applications in Mechanical Engineering\, IWM)\nA promising p roduction route for high quality taylor-made parts can be established by c ombining Additive Manufacturing (AM) and Hot Isostatic Pressing (HIP): Wit h the help of a numerical simulation routine\, the geometry of the parts p rior to HIP is calculated. These geometry-optimised parts are built by Las er Beam Melting (LBM) and consolidated by HIP. After HIP they exhibit a ne t-shape form that requires only little or even no post-processing at all. \n\nIn this study\, open thin-walled capsules are manufactured by LBM\, fi lled conventionally with metal powder\, evacuated and sealed and hot-isost atically pressed. By this processing route\, it is possible to use differe nt materials for the capsule and the powder filling. If capsule and bulk m aterial are identical\, the expensive removal of the capsule after HIP can be omitted. By using two different powders\, it is possible to produce co mposite components with a core of high strength and toughness and a wear- or corrosion-resistant surface layer\, offering an alternative and competi tive production route to conventional HIP cladding. \n\nHere three materia ls are investigated in different combinations: austenitic stainless steel AISI 316L (X2CrNiMo17¬ 13-3)\, martensitic tool steel AISI L6 (55NiCrMoV7 ) and the wear resistant high carbon steel X245VCrMo8-5-1. A number of te chnical challenges need to be addressed: the production of dense\, thin-wa lled capsules by LBM\; LBM of carbide rich steels\; diffusion control betw een corrosion resistant steel and carbon steel\; and sealing of capsules m ade of materials that cannot be welded.\n\nThe success of the new process route is demonstrated by metallographic and geometrical investigations.\n\ nhttps://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1024/ LOCATION: URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1024/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Expanding HIP Applications as a Manufacturing Process by Overcomi ng the Long Existing Technical Barriers DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171207T055500Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171207T062000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260519T093904Z UID:indico-contribution-47-1021@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Hamish Fraser (The Ohio State University)\nRecently\ , a Center of Excellence (CoE) in Hot Isostatic Pressing (HIP) has been es tablished at the Ohio State University tasked with overcoming the long exi sting technical barriers to the use of HIP for critical applications and e xploiting fully the advantages afforded by powder metallurgy processing. I n particular the current research has been aimed at minimizing the influe nce of prior particle boundaries (PPBs) in Ni-base superalloys and obviati ng the deficit in fatigue properties in PM HIPed Ti-6Al-4V. \nThe main tas ks of the COE are: i) the development of quantitative cost models\; ii) t he development of a physics-based computational modeling scheme that will permit the accurate prediction of the shape of tooling that will result in a given near-net shape of a component\; iii) the development of an unders tanding of the variation in mechanical properties\; iv) the development of solutions to technical barriers that limit the use of HIP for rotating co mponents\; v) development of techniques to permit the enhancement of local properties in components\; and vi) the development of transfer functions that that allow properties obtained from sub-scale parts to predict accura tely those of large components. The paper presents and discusses the solu tions achieved.\n\nhttps://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributi ons/1021/ LOCATION: URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1021/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Increasing the cost efficiency of hot isostatic pressing for near net-shape processing of titanium alloy components DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171207T044500Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171207T051000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260519T093904Z UID:indico-contribution-47-1020@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Hamish Fraser (The Ohio State University)\nThe adven t and enthusiasm for additive manufacturing (AM) has increased significant ly the use of titanium alloy powders. For most of the powder-based AM proc essing techniques\, there is a requirement for the fine powders of narrow size range. Since most of the atomizing techniques produce a range of size s\, with a more or less Gaussian distribution\, this means that after deli vering powders for AM\, there is a considerable quantity of powders left s eeking application. In consequence\, the price of this powder is often ver y much reduced\, for example\, the price of Ti alloy powder may be decreas ed several times. Hot Isostatic Pressing (HIP) does not place such a strin gent requirement on powder size (provided the tap density is not strongly impacted)\, and there is\, therefore\, a tremendous potential cost advanta ge for HIP of these coarser powders were to be used. The research describe d here involves a study of the microstructure\, response to heat-treatment \, and mechanical properties of samples of Ti-6Al-4V produced by HIP’ing such coarser powders. These results are compared with those of conventi onally wrought Ti 6-4\, and the differences are analyzed and contrasted.\n \nhttps://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1020/ LOCATION: URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1020/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Efficient modeling of very large NNS parts (up to 3 meter diameter ) and key parameters to control dimensional scattering in a +- 15 mm range . DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171208T030000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171208T033500Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260519T093904Z UID:indico-contribution-47-1019@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Gerard RAISSON (Consultant)\nThe paper addresses the challenging scientific and technological tasks of achieving limitation of over thickness to 1% of a linear dimension in HIPing Near Net shape PM Co mponents of large size up to 3 meter diameter. To reach this goal it is ne cessary to increase precision of modeling which has to include thermal con ductivity for large (thick) parts\, especially influential at the initial stage of densification. This sounds obvious\, but our analysis shows that rather than to work on constitutive equations and numerical procedures\, i t is more efficient to improve the material data base constituency and mor e particularly for the first step of HIP cycle which controls heat conduct ivity and the initial deformation pattern. In particular\, it is shown tha t the initial (tap) density of powder in the capsule determines not only t he integral shrinkage but also all following deformation pattern.\nIndepe ndently of modeling\, it is necessary to control all parameters generating scattering (HIP cycle\, temperature homogeneity\, filling and handling of capsules…) . The paper enables to define through parametric modeling wh ich material properties\, geometrical factors and process parameters are e ssential for reaching the dimensional precision and what realistic toleran ces can be respected.\n\nhttps://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/cont ributions/1019/ LOCATION: URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1019/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Large-scale and industrialized HIP equipment for the densification of additive manufactured parts DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171206T070000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171206T090000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260519T093904Z UID:indico-contribution-47-1016@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Hongxia Chen (CHINA IRON & STEEL RESEARCH INSTITUTE GROUP)\nAdditive manufacturing technology has significant advantages in fa bricating parts with complex shape\, but the internal defects\, such as re sidual stress\, pores and microcracks\, would result in fatal problems und er certain circumstances. To meet the requirement of HIP treatment on addi tive manufactured parts\, we studied the thermodynamic behavior of the gas medium under high temperature and high pressure conditions\, explored the deformation discipline of the thin-walled parts and the boundary conditio ns of controlling deformation\, and optimized the process of eliminating r esidual stress. Based on the above work\, series of HIP equipment were spe cially designed for the treatment on additive manufactured parts\, which c ould provide solid support for the development of additive manufacturing t echnology.\n\nhttps://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1 016/ LOCATION: URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1016/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:ANM/SyMo Facility DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171205T210000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171205T213500Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260519T093904Z UID:indico-contribution-47-1015@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Adi Patterson (ANSTO)\nhttps://events01.synchrotron. org.au/event/47/contributions/1015/ LOCATION: URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1015/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:HIP diffusion bonding of PM superalloy disk and cast superalloy bl ade rings for dual-alloy turbine wheels DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171206T070000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171206T090000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260519T093904Z UID:indico-contribution-47-1014@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Yi-wen ZHANG (Central Iron and Steel Research Instit ute)\nDual-alloy turbine wheels produced by HIP diffusion bonding of vacuu m investment cast blade rings of the cast superalloy K418B to preconsolida ted powder metal hubs of the powder metallurgy(PM) superalloy FGH4091\, wh ich have the long cyclic lives characteristic of PM superalloys combined w ith the high creep strength and net-shape blades characteristic of cast su peralloys. After machining\, the consolidated hubs and blade rings are cle aned\, assembled\, hot degassing at about 500℃ and then sealed in vacuum less then 1.0×10-3Pa. Finally\, the sealed disk and blade rings are HIPe d at 1160~1200℃/130MPa/4h\, so as to diffusion bonding with each other c ompletely. The diffusion-welded joint is characterized for microstructural features\, diffusion of alloying elements and tensile properties. Microst ructure is investigated by scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and electron probe micro-analyzer(EPMA). The results showed that the joint is integral without any defects\, such as inclusions and continuous distribution of th e second precipitates. EPMA further revealed the width of diffusion zone i s about 100 micrometers. The diffusion of elements Co\, Ni\, Al\, Cr\, Ti\ , Nb\, Mo is gradually weakened\, which is caused by their vary diffusion constants. Specimens showed good weld strength\, all the tensile specimens are failured at the cast superalloy.\n\nhttps://events01.synchrotron.org. au/event/47/contributions/1014/ LOCATION: URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1014/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Hot isostatic Pressing interest for Turbine parts in future Engine s DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171208T000000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171208T003500Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260519T093904Z UID:indico-contribution-47-1013@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Benjamin PICQUE (AUBERT&DUVAL)\nOne of the main chal lenges for the next generation of aeronautic engines aims at reducing cons umptions and environmental impact like emissions and noise\, in improving at the same time the performances and efficiency. To reach these objecti ves\, an increase of the engines internal temperature is needed. \nIn the turbine\, increasing temperature is already possible for the discs with th e use of cast and wrought superalloys like Waspaloy\, U720\, AD730\, Rene 65 or for hottest or most solicited locations\, powder metallurgy (PM) mat erials. Materials capable to provide highest mechanical characteristics a re indeed available on the market\, nevertheless their very poor workabili ty (for PM) and the actual very expensive industrial route able to produce them limit drastically their use to simplest shapes and most critical par ts.\nThe use of Hot Isostatic Pressing (HIP) technology to directly produc e near net shape (NNS) components using powder materials is an efficient solution to propose parts with complicated shape\, impossible to produce t oday by another way\, with very high mechanical properties\, and at a comp etitive price compared to the significant technical gains. \nThis paper in tends to show the interest of the HIP process for parts of engines low pre ssure turbines\, already produced in Aubert&Duval as demonstrators in PM ’ superalloys: First\, a static turbine casing in Astroloy highlight ing the possibility to produce a NNS complex shape with higher mechanical properties than actual solution\; Second\, possibility to produce turbin e parts in material N19 (Safran superalloy) allowing reaching an excellent compromise of tensile\, creep\, fatigue and crack growth properties.\n\nh ttps://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1013/ LOCATION: URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1013/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Synthesis and microstructural characteristics of simulated iodine- bearing waste formed by HIP sintering of the silver impregnated alumina so rbent DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171205T225000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171205T231500Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260519T093904Z UID:indico-contribution-47-1012@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Tomofumi Sakuragi (Radioactive Waste Management Fund ing and Research Center)\nSilver impregnated materials are widely used as an absorbent of radioactive iodine in the nuclear industry. A commercial f uel reprocessing facility of Japan will be working in shortly. The waste m anagement for the spent alumina sorbent (AgA) to be disposed in deep under ground is a challenge because iodine-129 has the extreme long-life and a m obile nature in aquifer systems. For the safety disposal\, a candidate imm obilization technique has been proposed\, the first advantage of which is the simple hot isostatic press (HIP) process confining silver iodide (AgI) into the corundum matrix without the separation of iodine from the spent AgA to alleviate the process complications. The previous research has sugg ested that the densification of the waste form matrix is valid to improve the waste form performance under a repository. Here\, we have examined the HIP sintering behavior of alumina matrix by adding several commercially a vailable alumina reagents and virgin AgA in order to optimize the waste co mposition. After consolidation by HIPing at 175 MPa up to 1325°C the 3-di mensional microstructure of the simulant waste form has been analyzed usin g the images processing technique from the data pile of scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The fine particles of AgI are confirmed to be distribute d homogeneously and are separated independently by the alumina (corundum) matrix. The matrix porosity and the connected pores are negligible. The to lerance will be assessed using the standard static leaching test under an expected repository condition.\n\nhttps://events01.synchrotron.org.au/even t/47/contributions/1012/ LOCATION: URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1012/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:HIP technology enable ceramic manufacturers to control material pr operties and increase productivity. DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171207T035500Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171207T042000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260519T093904Z UID:indico-contribution-47-1010@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: ANDERS EKLUND (QUINTUS TECHNOLOGIES AB)\nHot isostat ic pressing (HIP) technology has been known for more than 50 years\, and i s considered today as being a standard production route for many applicati ons. The HIP process applies high pressure (50-200 MPa) and high temperatu re (400-2\,000°C) to the exterior surface of parts via an inert gas (e.g. \, argon or nitrogen). The elevated temperature and pressure cause sub-sur face voids to be eliminated through a combination of plastic flow and diff usion. The challenge is to reach the highest possible theoretical density while maintaining productivity goals.\n\nUniform rapid cooling is a proces s by which thin-walled pre-stressed wire-wound HIP units increase producti vity up to 70% compared with natural cooling\, and increase the density to ~ 100% of theoretical density for many alloys. The added cost to reach th is density is around $0.20-0.30/kg for a large production HIP system\, dep ending on the material.\n\nhttps://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/co ntributions/1010/ LOCATION: URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1010/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Hot Isostatic Pressing of Radioactive Nuclear Waste: The Calcine a t INL DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171205T222500Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171205T225000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260519T093904Z UID:indico-contribution-47-1009@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: ANDERS EKLUND (QUINTUS TECHNOLOGIES AB)\nHot Isostat ic Pressing (HIP) is a method to consolidate dry metal and ceramic powders by increasing the temperature up to the sintering threshold and applying high pressure\, typically 15-30 ksi in an inert Argon atmosphere.\n\nThis work presents the results performed together with Quintus Technologies and Department of Energy’s Idaho Site contractors to significantly reduce t he volume of dry calcine radioactive nuclear waste by HIP where the radioa ctive waste will be contained in a collapsible canister\, heat treated in the HIP to solidify it so that zero emissions of radioactive isotopes are expected from the glassy end product.\nThe glassified end-product is then ready for transport to a repository for final disposal when available.\n\n To be shown in the presentation is the cost ratio for HIP vs Vitrification is 1:1.74\, and the volume reduction 20-70%\, while vitrification increas es the volume with 100%.\n\nhttps://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/c ontributions/1009/ LOCATION: URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1009/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Hot Isostatic Pressing (HIP) of Castings to Improve Quality and Ma terial Properties DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171206T070000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171206T090000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260519T093904Z UID:indico-contribution-47-1008@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: ANDERS EKLUND (QUINTUS TECHNOLOGIES AB)\nHot Isostat ic Pressing\, HIP\, is a method to apply a high pressure\, typically 7\,50 0 – 30\,000 psi\, at elevated temperatures\, typically 700F up to 4000F\ , to eliminated voids in the material\, like pores and gas bubbles\, for i ncreased material properties\, i.e fatigue\, tensile strength and elongati on\, and remove cracks and to reduce scrap.\n\nAnother advantage with HIP is the heat treatment that can be performed at high pressure\, compared wi th traditional sintering and annealing methods where you either have lower ed pressure in vacuum sintering or annealing furnaces where you operate at 1 atm. Even furnaces with slightly increased pressure like sinter-HIPs\, the applied pressure is typically 700 psi\, the advantages reached at high er pressures are far better.\n\nFor example\, the scatter of data is drama tically reduced\, the rapid quenching in a HIP gives less distortion and l owers residual stresses so the material can be machined without intermedia te stress relief heat treatment.\n\nThis paper will present the results fr om HIPing and heat treatment of Aluminium castings\, where the material pr operties are significantly improved\n\nhttps://events01.synchrotron.org.au /event/47/contributions/1008/ LOCATION: URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1008/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Heat Treatment of PM parts by Hot Isostatic Pressing DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171206T070000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171206T090000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260519T093904Z UID:indico-contribution-47-1007@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: ANDERS EKLUND (QUINTUS TECHNOLOGIES AB)\nPowder Meta llurgy is a competitive method vs forgings and castings\, when it comes to cost effectiveness manufacturing of complex parts or alloy systems prone to cracking during heat treatment.\nBy applying a Heat Treatment step in t he HIP\, due to the use of high pressure during the HT-step\, it opens up new possibilities for to improve the strength\, ductility and especially t he fatigue properties of the material and residual stresses will also be e liminated.\n\nToday\, it is possible to combine HIPing and heat treatment in a specifically designed HIP equipped with Uniform Rapid Quenching (URQ ®) or Uniform Rapid Cooling (URC®). This paper will describe the process and benefits of HIP of PM parts together with the possibilities and advan tages of combining the HIP process and heat treatment in a Rapid Cool HIP. \n\nhttps://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1007/ LOCATION: URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1007/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Heat Treatment of MIM parts by Hot Isostatic Pressing DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171206T070000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171206T090000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260519T093904Z UID:indico-contribution-47-1006@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: ANDERS EKLUND (QUINTUS TECHNOLOGIES AB)\nMIM is an e xcellent process to produce smaller parts in large numbers for many indust ries\, i.e. Automotive\, Medical\, Dental and Aerospace.\n\nHowever\, even after the final sintering residual pores exist within the material. To re move these pores\, Hot Isostatic Pressing or HIP is the obvious choice. By applying a HIP step\, pores will be eliminated and the density will incre ase to virtually 100% of theoretical density. This pore elimination will i mprove the strength\, ductility and especially the fatigue properties of t he material and residual stresses will also be eliminated.\n\nToday\, it i s possible to combine HIPing and heat treatment in a specifically designed HIP equipped with Uniform Rapid Quenching (URQ®) or Uniform Rapid Coolin g (URC®). This paper will describe the process and benefits of HIP of MIM parts together with the possibilities and advantages of combining the HIP process and heat treatment in a Rapid Cool HIP.\n\nhttps://events01.synch rotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1006/ LOCATION: URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1006/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:HIP for AM - Optimized material properties by HIP DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171206T000000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171206T003500Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260519T093904Z UID:indico-contribution-47-1005@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: ANDERS EKLUND (QUINTUS TECHNOLOGIES AB)\nAdditive Ma nufacturing (or 3D-printing) is the newest technology to mass produce smal l to medium-size parts with high tolerances and quality for many industrie s\, i.e. Automotive\, Medical\, Dental and Aerospace.\n\nHowever\, even af ter the final sintering residual pores exist within the material. To remov e these pores\, Hot Isostatic Pressing or HIP is the obvious choice. By ap plying a HIP step\, pores will be eliminated and the density will increase to virtually 100% of theoretical density. This pore elimination will impr ove the strength\, ductility and especially the fatigue properties of the material and residual stresses will also be eliminated.\n\nToday\, it is p ossible to combine HIPing and heat treatment in a specifically designed HI P equipped with Uniform Rapid Quenching (URQ®) or Uniform Rapid Cooling ( URC®). This paper will describe the process and benefits of HIP of 3D-pri nted parts together with the possibilities and advantages of combining the HIP process and heat treatment in a Rapid Cool HIP.\n\nhttps://events01.s ynchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1005/ LOCATION: URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1005/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:How to Avoid Coloring of Parts in Hot Isostatic Pressing DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171206T070000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171206T090000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260519T093904Z UID:indico-contribution-47-1003@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: ANDERS EKLUND (QUINTUS TECHNOLOGIES AB)\nA common pr oblem in the HIP industry is discoloring of parts with high Chromium conte nt\, like for Stainless Steel or Cobalt-Chromium-alloys that turns out gre en\, for Ti-alloys that turns out blue or yellow\, and for Cu-alloys that can have a black surface.\n\nHIP users use different methods to avoid the coloring\, like having different kind of getters\, i.e. Titanium sponge. T hey wrap parts in foils from Molybdenum\, Titanium and Stainless steel\, w hich is a tedious and from time to time not effective.\n\nThis work will s how the way forward how to avoid discoloring of HIPed parts. The use of a graphite furnace in combination with an optimised HIP cycle gives clean an d spotless parts ready for use without any post-processing like polishing\ , brushing\, etc.\n\nhttps://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contribu tions/1003/ LOCATION: URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1003/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Post-HIPing of Transparent Polycrystalline Alumina Ceramics Prepar ed by Pulsed Electric Current Sintering DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171206T035000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171206T041500Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260519T093904Z UID:indico-contribution-47-1000@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Makoto Nanko (Nagaoka University of Technology)\nTra nsparent polycrystalline alumina (TPA) ceramics have been used in optical devices such as optical windows and high efficiency lumps. They have been produced with sintering process with advanced fine alumina powder. Pulse d electric current sintering (PECS)\, which is also so-called spark plasma sintering (SPS)\, is useful for producing TPA ceramics. However\, transp arency of TPA ceramics produced by using PECS is still lower than the sing le crystalline alumina. As well\, carbon contamination in TPA ceramics ma kes darker in color. Heat treatments in air for TPA ceramics decreases th eir transparency. This phenomenon is explained as formation of microscopi c cracks by heat treatments. Because hot isostatic process (HIP) is usefu l to remove fine closed pores in sintered materials with closed pores\, HI P may be effective to increase transparency of TPA produced by PECS. In t he present report\, post-HIPing process of TPA ceramics produced with PECS was described.\n\nhttps://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributi ons/1000/ LOCATION: URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/1000/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Influence of rapid cooling rates for hot isostatic pressing on mec hanical and corrosion properties of UNS S32205 DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171207T210000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171207T212500Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260519T093904Z UID:indico-contribution-47-999@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Arnulf Hoertnagl (Institute for Materials System Tec hnology Thurgau at the University of Applied Sciences Konstanz)\nThe forma tion of undesirable intermetallic phases affected by low cooling rates of HIP-manufactured components made of duplex stainless steels requires a con ventional heat treatment combined with quenching in a water bath. From a t echnical point of view\, this thermal post-treatment is energy-intensive a s well as time-intensive. An approach to avoid these disadvantages is the application of an internal cooling system in the HIP facility to achieve h igh cooling rates. The influence on the metallurgical structure\, the mech anical properties and the corrosion resistance is discussed for a 2205 dup lex stainless steel. For this purpose\, conventional heat treated componen ts are compared with fast cooled components with the same material.\n\nMet allographic investigations show a clear influence of the cooling rate and wall thickness on grain size\, austenite/ferrite ratio as well as the numb er and the expression of intermetallic phases. The mechanical properties a re determined according to notch impact test ISO 148-1 and tensile test IS O 6892-1. The corrosion resistance was measured according ASTM G150-13. Te chnical opportunities and economic aspects for the production of thick-wal led components are discussed.\n\nhttps://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event /47/contributions/999/ LOCATION: URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/999/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Precipitation of Y-Ti-O nanoparticles during the HIP consolidation of gas atomised powders DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171206T055000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171206T061500Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260519T093904Z UID:indico-contribution-47-998@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Inigo Iturriza (Ceit_IK4)\nThe increase in the opera tional temperature range of structural materials plays an important role i n most demanding energy generation sources and in certain industrial proce sses since it enhances the efficiency and promotes a reduction of the envi ronmental pollution. In this sense\, oxide dispersion strengthened ferriti c stainless steels (ODS FS) are candidate materials for structural compone nts in future fusion and fission reactors\, concentrated solar power plant s\, chemical reactors or advanced coal fired plants. Their high strength a nd creep resistance at elevated temperatures\, and good resistance to neut ron radiation damage is obtained through a high density of nanometric comp lex oxides\, generally rich in yttrium and titanium\, very stable thermody namically. \nIn this work\, the powder metallurgy route named STARS (Surfa ce Treatments of gas Atomized powder followed by Reactive Synthesis) is ap plied to produce ODS FS with composition Fe-14Cr-2W-0.3Ti-0.3Y2O3 (wt.%). The gas atomized powders already contain the oxide-dispersion formers\, so mechanical alloying is no necessary to dissolve yttrium in the ferritic m atrix. Then\, a metastable oxide layer\, mainly consisting of Cr2O3 and Fe 2O3\, develops at the surface of powder particles. Consolidation by HIP at high temperature promotes the dissociation of the metastable oxides\, the subsequent oxygen diffusion towards the interior of the particles and the final precipitation of Y-Ti-O nanoparticles. The process finishes with a thermo-mechanical treatment performed to refine and homogenize the microst ructure and improve the mechanical properties\nMicrostructural characteriz ation of powders and consolidated and thermo-mechanically treated samples performed by XPS\, SEM\, TEM\, and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) is presented and correlated with manufacturing parameters.\n\nhttps://events0 1.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/998/ LOCATION: URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/998/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Wear of PM HIP metal matrix composites – influence of carbide ty pe DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171207T033000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171207T035500Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260519T093904Z UID:indico-contribution-47-996@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Tomas Berglund (Sandvik Powder Solutions)\nThe type of hard phase in combination with matrix material has a great influence on the wear properties of PM HIP Metal Matrix Composites. The hardness and t oughness of the hard phase as well as its reaction with the matrix in comb ination with wear mechanism can cause significant differences in performan ce of the material. Three materials with the same matrix alloy but differe nt carbide types have been studied with regard to tribological behavior in low stress abrasion\, high stress abrasion and scratch testing against a quartz stylus. \n\nIn low stress abrasion testing the material has only ve ry small differences in the performance between the materials. The materia ls containing crushed or spherical fused tungsten carbide had a higher ini tial wear that can be explained by the microstructure of the material. In the later stages of wear the three materials preform very similar. \n\nIn the scratch testing a clear difference can be observed between the materia ls. The material containing the fused tungsten carbide exhibits a higher degree of carbide damage at the exit side of the wear scar sliding over th e carbide. This can be attributed to the much higher degree of carbide dis solution in the fused carbide compared to the macrocrystalline carbide. \n \nThe results from tribology testing are discussed and compared to wear me chanisms observed in parts that have been in service in a slurry pump and a crusher.\n\nhttps://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/9 96/ LOCATION: URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/996/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Oxygen content in PM HIP 625 and its effect on toughness DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171206T012500Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171206T015000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260519T093904Z UID:indico-contribution-47-995@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Fredrik Meurling (Sandvik Materials Technology)\nOxy gen control during powder manufacturing and handling is crucial when manuf acturing HIPed parts. The influence of elevated oxygen content on mechanic al properties is something that has been debated and investigated for many years. The general consensus in the industry is that oxygen has a very de trimental effect on the toughness of the material if present in excessive amounts. \n\nThe detrimental effect of oxygen content on the impact toughn ess of the material has resulted in HIPed specifications\, both existing a nd under development\, with limits on the oxygen content in the material. Many specify a relatively low limit on oxygen content at e.g. 120 ppm whic h can have adverse effects on yield in powder manufacturing which might in crease costs without accomplishing the desired effect of ensuring sufficie nt toughness. As this study show\, oxygen content and chemistry alone is not enough to describe the effect of oxygen content on the HIPed material. Setting a limit at e.g. 120 ppm will not guarantee that one gets better p roperties or even reaches the desired properties of the material. The stud y show it is important where the oxygen is located in the powder and to se parate bulk oxygen content and the surface oxygen content\, where the latt er has a more pronounced effect on toughness. In the study four batches of alloy 625 have been investigated\, all with only relatively small variati ons in oxygen content but with drastically different toughness and differe nces in how oxygen is distributed in the material.\n\nhttps://events01.syn chrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/995/ LOCATION: URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/995/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:HIP Processing of Improved Tooling Materials for High-Productivity Hot Metal Forming Processes DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171207T062000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171207T064500Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260519T093904Z UID:indico-contribution-47-994@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Maxime Gauthier (National Research Council Canada)\n Much work has been carried out in the last decade on the development of hi gh performance alloys to reduce vehicle weight. These alloys are often cha racterized by low room-temperature formability. A variety of hot forming p rocesses (hot stamping\, hot extrusion and high-pressure die casting) are thus being used or adapted for these alloys. The final mechanical properti es\, shape complexity and production cost of parts made using these proces ses will be closely related to mold/die thermal and mechanical performance .\n\nHot work tool steels generally have the required mechanical propertie s and durability to meet hot-processing requirements but have low thermal conductivity. The stringent low processing cost and high-volume production requirements of the automotive industry compel part producers to find way s to shorten unit production times at equivalent product quality. In order to meet the processing requirements of advanced alloys and transfer heat more rapidly\, the tooling should thus have a higher thermal conductivity than the standard tool steel dies currently in use.\n\nThe aim of this wor k is to optimize die properties to improve heat transfer kinetics during p art shaping\, thus providing an increase in efficiency and productivity fo r automotive metal part manufacturing. Hot Isostatic Pressing (HIP) has be en used to clad a conformal-cooled copper core with a layer of either a ho t-work tool steel or a High-Thermal Conductivity (HTC) composite material designed at NRC. Properties and performance of these systems are compared with those of standard tool materials to demonstrate the practical potenti al for future development and optimization of advanced tooling.\n\nhttps:/ /events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/994/ LOCATION: URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/994/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:HIP Activities for Turbopump Components of Korea Space Launch Vehi cle DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171208T010000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171208T012500Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260519T093904Z UID:indico-contribution-47-993@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Suk-Hwan Yoon (Korea Aerospace Research Institute)\n In Korea\, we are developing liquid rockets for commercial launch services \, and the government agency\, Korea Aerospace Research Institute (KARI)\, is responsible for main development. Turbopump\, which is a key component of liquid rocket engine\, is a rotating machine that pressurizes fuel and liquid oxygen in an extreme environment and supplies them to a combustion chamber. Design requirements are very severe because it must maintain lig htweight feature while outputting very large power. The HIP (Hot Isostatic Press) method is a Near-Net Shape processing\, which makes it easy to mol d a material that is difficult to machine\, while securing quality compara ble to forged products. These advantages are particularly attractive for t he aerospace sector. Recently\, we tried manufacture of turbopump impeller s and turbine discs using HIP technology\, and some of the products have b een assembled in a turbopump and ground-tested. This will be described in detail in this paper.\n\nhttps://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/cont ributions/993/ LOCATION: URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/993/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:The influence of post-HIP heat-treatments on the tensile and HCF p roperties of Ti6Al4V DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171206T003500Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171206T010000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260519T093904Z UID:indico-contribution-47-992@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Miren Aristizabal (University of Birmingham)\nSample s of gas-atomisedTi6Al4V powder have been HIPped after which they were coo led at different rates in the HIP and/or subsequently heat treated in orde r to obtain very different microstructures. Microstructural observations h ave been carried out using scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The samples were tested in tension and in fatigue in order to assess the i nfluence of the different heat treatments on these properties. Similar hea t treatments have been carried out on ingot-route Ti6Al4V and the microstr uctures and properties compared with those of the HIPped powder samples. T ransmission electron microscopy has been used to define the influence of t he different microstructures on dislocation behaviour in an attempt to und erstand the observed differences in properties and these results will be p resented.\n\nhttps://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/99 2/ LOCATION: URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/992/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:The Pros and Cons of HIPping of Ti-based Alloys to Near Net Shape DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171206T222500Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171206T225000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260519T093904Z UID:indico-contribution-47-991@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: michael loretto (University of Birmingham UK)\nIt is widely accepted that Near Net Shape HIP (NNSHIP) has many advantages over alternative process-routes for the production of some types of components \, but as with all process-routes there are disadvantages. This process-ro ute now has competition from additive manufacturing\, which is being used to produce components such as engine casings\, but the various technologie s of additive manufacturing also have their disadvantages. It is important that the pros and cons of all process-routes\, including of course conven tional thermo-mechanical processing\, are considered so that the optimum p rocess-route is selected for different types of components. In this paper the advantages and the disadvantages of NNSHIP will be discussed together with progress in overcoming them\, where that is seen as feasible. The wor k will be illustrated by work on HIPping of beta Ti alloys\, since these a re in many ways the most interesting because their microstructures and thu s properties are sensitive functions of the thermal history.\n\nhttps://ev ents01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/991/ LOCATION: URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/991/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Microstructural design of Ni-base superalloys by hot isostatic pre ssing DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171206T052500Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171206T055000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260519T093904Z UID:indico-contribution-47-990@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Benjamin Ruttert (Ruhr-Universität Bochum)\nSingle crystal Ni-base Superalloys (SXs)\, used as blade materials\, operate at t emperatures close to their melting point and have to withstand mechanical and chemical degradation. Casting and extensive solution heat-treatments o f such blades introduce porosity\, which can only be reduced by hot isosta tic pressing (HIP). Recent developments of a HIP unit with a quenching pos sibility allow performing heat- treatments and eliminate porosity simultan eously. This work gives an overview about the opportunities that such a un ique HIP offers for the solution heat-treatment of conventionally cast SXs or directionally solidified Ni-base superalloys fabricated by selective e lectron beam melting (SEBM).\nThe influence of temperature\, pressure\, an d cooling method on the evolution of γ/γ′-morphology and on the pore s hrinkage is investigated. The cooling method has a strong impact on the γ ′-particle size and shape. Slow or natural cooling lead to coarse γ′- precipitate sizes. Quenching after solutioning at 100 MPa leads to a high number density of small γ′-particles\, ideal for the subsequent formati on of a fine and uniform γ/γ′-microstructure after ageing. Porosity re duction was most efficient at T > Tγ′-solvus. Based on these findings\, first\, an integrated solution and aging heat treatment for an as-cast SX s is implemented into the HIP unit. Second\, short HIP treatments are appl ied on SEBM parts\, generating promising and defect free microstructures. Finally\, a HIP treatment is satisfactorily used to rejuvenate the γ/γ ′-microstructure of SXs after creep degradation\, re-establishing the γ /γ’-microstructure without recrystallization and closing all pores and creep cavities.\n\nhttps://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributi ons/990/ LOCATION: URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/990/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Exhaust valve spindles for marine diesel engines manufactured by h ot isostatic pressing DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171207T013000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171207T015500Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260519T093904Z UID:indico-contribution-47-988@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Alberto Lapina (MAN Diesel & Turbo)\nThe exhaust val ve spindle is one of the most challenging components in the marine two-str oke diesel engine. It has to withstand high mechanical loads\, thermal cyc ling\, surface temperatures beyond 700 $^{\\circ}$C\, and molten salt indu ced corrosion. \n\nPowder metallurgy gives the opportunity of improving th e component using materials not applicable by welding or forging. Therefor e exhaust valve spindles have been produced by Hot Isostatic Pressing (HIP ) with a spindle disc coating of a Ni-Cr-Nb alloy that cannot be manufactu red by welding or forging.\n\nThis paper presents the service experience g athered by MAN Diesel & Turbo in a number of service tests on ships (up to 18000 running hours): corrosion and degradation phenomena in the spindles produce by HIP are presented and compared with the performance of state-o f-the-art exhaust valve spindles.\n\nThe macroscopic geometrical changes e xperienced by the spindles are studied by means of Finite Element Method ( FEM) calculations and strategies for further development of the component are outlined.\n\nhttps://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contribution s/988/ LOCATION: URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/988/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:RECENT DEVELOPMENTS OF HIP EQUIPMENT IN JAPAN DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171206T210000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171206T213500Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260519T093904Z UID:indico-contribution-47-987@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Katsumi WATANABE (KOBE Steel\, Ltd.)\nThe toll servi ces have been increased in the recent Japanese HIP market. This trend lead s to larger HIP equipment and shorter cycle times for productivity improve ment. In addition\, longer life cycle of pressure vessels are demanded to reduce the costs in conformance with the requirements of the relevant laws and regulations of Japan. \nTo meet such demands\, the HIP equipment wi th a new rapid cooling system has been developed and the first product was delivered. This new cooling system ensures a rapid cooling rate while ach ieving the design life cycle by low design temperature of the pressure ves sel.\nAt the development stage of the new cooling system\, the numerical a nalysis of the heat flow during rapid cooling was conducted using new tech niques including a real gas model and a new model for thermal insulator.\n This article will introduce this new rapid cooling system and describe oth er related topics.\n\nhttps://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contrib utions/987/ LOCATION: URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/987/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Net Shape HIP Process for the Parts of Rocket Engine Turbopump DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171208T003500Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171208T010000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260519T093904Z UID:indico-contribution-47-986@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Rei Mihara (Space Technology Group\, Research & Engi neering Div.\, IHI Corporation)\nNet Shape HIP (NSHIP) process is a suitab le approach for both high performance and cost reduction compared to the c astings and the machining of forged materials. We have developed the NSHIP technology in order to utilize for the LE-9 engine turbopump of H3 rocket which is under development by JAXA.\nIn this paper\, we show the verifica tion result of our modified FEM analysis model which predicts a dimensiona l change under the HIP sintering process. With this FEM analysis tool\, we have established the high quality and stable process of manufacturing the LE-9 fuel turbopump turbine nozzle. We also confirmed that the NSHIP turb ine nozzle have excellent material properties to meet requirements for the turbopump.\nFrom these results\, we determined to proceed to the next pha se of the NSHIP part development\, the engine testing which is currently p erformed.\n\nhttps://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/98 6/ LOCATION: URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/986/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Tailoring HIP Equipment and Protocols for the Unique Features of MIM DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171208T042500Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171208T045000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260519T093904Z UID:indico-contribution-47-984@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Robert Conaway (1944)\nhttps://events01.synchrotron. org.au/event/47/contributions/984/ LOCATION: URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/984/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Novel approaches to densify powder metallurgical materials through hot isostatic pressing DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171207T042000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171207T044500Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260519T093904Z UID:indico-contribution-47-982@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Maheswaran Vattur Sundaram (Chalmers University of T echnology)\nPowder metallurgical materials usage in high performance appli cations is limited by the inherent porosity that contributes to the inferi or properties as compared to the wrought material. Combination of powder m etallurgical routes with HIP as a final processing step allows to reach fu lly dense material. In addition\, recent development in HIP processes with integration of rapid cooling proved to be an effective in diminishing the processing time and cost. The objective of this work is to reach closed p orosity through different powder metallurgy routes that can be further HIP : ed without using capsules. Powder metallurgy consolidation methods consi dered ensure surface densification either through one of the following app roaches such as liquid phase sintering\, double pressing and double sinter ing or cold isostatic pressing combined with high temperature sintering. A ll mentioned above methods bring cost-competitiveness as components can be densified without any capsules that will improve the process timing and c ost. All of these methods are based on utilisation of the water atomised p owder that also bring additional cost competitiveness.\n\nhttps://events01 .synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/982/ LOCATION: URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/982/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:TeraPi - A 3.5 meter diameter hot zone HIP unit enables HIP:ing of large components DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171206T231500Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171206T234000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260519T093904Z UID:indico-contribution-47-981@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: ANDERS EKLUND (QUINTUS TECHNOLOGIES AB)\nThe largest HIP unit operated in the world today has a hot zone diameter of 2.05 mete rs which is very big. However\, there are even bigger components produced that would benefit from a HIP process but which can’t be HIP:ed today be cause of the size. These components could be large pump house castings for nuclear power plants or large circular components for aerospace engines f or example.\n\nThis presentation will cover which types of components and markets that can benefit from this size of HIP. It will also be explained how it is possible operate a monster HIP like the TeraPi and and the techn ical concept together with performance details\n\nhttps://events01.synchro tron.org.au/event/47/contributions/981/ LOCATION: URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/981/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Fabrication of diamond/SiC composites using HIP from the mixtures of diamond and Si powders DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171206T070000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171206T090000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260519T093904Z UID:indico-contribution-47-980@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Motoyasu Aoki (Doshisha University)\nFabrication of diamond/SiC=75/25~50/50vol% composites have been tried using hot isostatic pressing at 1450°C under 196 MPa for 2 h from the mixtures of diamond an d Si powders. The former consisted of bimodal particle sizes Ps of 69 and 9.2 µm\, and the latter average Ps of 0.60 µm. They were mixed using an alumina mortar and pestle for 30 min in ethanol thoroughly. After drying\, a small amount of binder was added to the mixed powders and compacted uni axially and isostatically (245 MPa). They were pre-heated at 950°C for 2 h in a vacuum to be densified for easy handling. Calcined mixed powder com pacts wrapped with BN powder were sealed into Pyrex glass petri dish in a vacuum. They were heated with heating rate of 300°C/h\, between room temp erature and around 820°C in Ar gas atmosphere of 0.3-0.4 MPa\, and from 8 20° to 1450°C with increasing pressure to 196 MPa. Archimedes method to determine the bulk densities revealed that the highest density of 96.7% ha s been achieved at the composition of diamond/SiC =55/45vol%\, in which co mposition the diamond content is higher than that (45 vol%) of previous wo rks. SEM observation on the microstructure of composites showed a little a mount of cleavages at grain boundaries between diamond and SiC\, which mig ht be originated from the volume reduction around 19.3% in the formation o f SiC from C + Si during HIPing. However\, with decreasing the content of diamond the cleavages disappeared due to the rearrangement of diamond part icles less than 35vol%.\n\nhttps://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/co ntributions/980/ LOCATION: URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/980/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Precise prediction of near net shape HIP components through DEM an d FEM modelling DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171208T040000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171208T042500Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260519T093904Z UID:indico-contribution-47-978@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Yuanbin Deng (RWTH Aachen University\, Institute for Materials Applications in Mechanical Engineering\, IWM)\nIn Hot Isostatic Pressing (HIP) of metal powder\, anisotropic shrinkage of the capsule ind uced by inhomogeneity of the initial powder filling density determines the reproducible realization of small geometrical allowances. This becomes a detrimental factor in the manufacturing of near-net-shape components due t o their high requirements of the final shape accuracy. This challenge can be solved by precisely predicting and controlling the shrinkage with respe ct to the filling density via numerical simulation. Using a Discrete-Eleme nt-Method (DEM) script\, a two-dimensional initial powder density distribu tion on the component cross section is simulated. After being validated by experimental results from metallographic examination\, the calculated pow der density distribution is assigned as the initial relative densities in a Finite-Element (FE) model. An in-house developed user defined material m odel Subroutine (UMAT)\, which considers both instantaneous plasticity at lower temperatures and rate dependent plasticity at higher temperatures\, is utilized in the frame of ABAQUS for the simulation. In addition\, both the gravity and the friction between the capsule and the support are also taken into account in the simulation\, as these two factors are not neglig ible in an industrial-scale HIP-process. The preliminary experimental vali dation using pre-prototype component reveals that the shrinkage induced sh ape changes during HIP can be accurately predicted by several virtual iter ative simulations. Furthermore\, the influences of local density distribut ion\, gravity and friction force during HIP are also investigated. In summ ary\, the developed simulation method demonstrates high accuracy in HIP co mponent shape prediction and can be easily applied to design HIP capsules for large and complex components.\n\n**Innovative Aspects:**\n\n•The DEM simulation shows the feasibility to simulate the powder distribution insi de a capsule taking into account the individual filling configurations and procedures. \n\n•The FE-Model is improved with the addition of gravity and friction forces to the driving force for deformation during HIP.\n\nht tps://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/978/ LOCATION: URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/978/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Toughness of duplex steel produced by PM-HIP DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171207T221500Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171207T224000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260519T093904Z UID:indico-contribution-47-977@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Christoph Broeckmann (IWM\, RWTH Aachen University\, Germany)\nComponents produced by PM-HIP from corrosion resistent steels w ith a ferritic-austenitic duplex microstructure are widely used in offshor e-applications and in the chemical industry. In most of these applications high toughness – particular at low temperatures – is a mandatory requ irement. In contrast to austenitic steels\, tough-ness of duplex steel sho ws a temperature dependent transistion from ductile to britt-le behaviour. While PM-HIP duplex steels mostly have superior strength and corrosion re sistance compared to conventionally produced grades\, the toughness issue often leads to discussions.\nIn this contribution the most important influ encing factors for the toughness of duplex steels will be discussed exampl arily at grade AISI 2205. Focus will be given to two major aspects: the em brittlement by σ-phase and the embrittlement caused by residual argon por es. While the formation of σ-phase depends on the cooling rate in the HIP vessel\, argon porosity can either be caused by insufficient evaporation prior to HIP or small leakages in the capsule. Toughness will be discussed in terms of Charpy tests\, taking into account the notch radius as additi onal parameter. The macroscopic results will be reflected by investigation s of the microstructure. Tough-ness of PM-HIP steel will be compared to ap propriate conventionally produced grades.\n\nhttps://events01.synchrotron. org.au/event/47/contributions/977/ LOCATION: URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/977/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Controlled uniform load cooling in production scale HIP equipment DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171206T213500Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171206T220000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260519T093904Z UID:indico-contribution-47-976@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Maxime Pauwels (Engineered Pressure Systems Internat ional NV)\, Pierre Colman (Engineered Pressure Systems International NV)\n Several aspects of load cooling in a production HIP unit have been widely tackled in the last 40 years.\n\nThe aim of this paper is to make an overv iew of the required cooling types applied to typical metallurgical applica tions available for industrial HIP users.\n\nBoth electronic controls and furnace & heat shield design have progressed in order to fulfill this dema nd\, while considering the economic aspects of the HIP treated products.\n \nhttps://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/976/ LOCATION: URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/976/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Capsule-free HIP of Water Atomised Steel Powder through CIP DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171206T050000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171206T052500Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260519T093904Z UID:indico-contribution-47-974@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Maheswaran Vattur Sundaram (Chalmers University of T echnology)\nWater-atomised powder metallurgical (PM) steels offer cost-eff ective solutions for structural components and are typically processed thr ough the ‘press and sinter’ route. Utilizing these steels for high per formance applications requires further improvement of their mechanical per formance. This requires increased density as compared to that achieved via the conventional uniaxial pressing and sintering route. The present study demonstrates the prospect of employing cold isostatic pressing (CIP) to a chieve enhanced densification for iron and Cr-alloyed powder grades withou t using lubricant. It was shown that higher green densities can be achieve d after CIP in comparison with uniaxial pressing for equivalent nominal pr essures for both powder grades studied\; with a gain of about 0.3 g/cm3 ob tained at 600 MPa. In addition\, the homogeneous densification eliminates low-density (neutral) zone otherwise obtained in the centre of uniaxial co mpacted components with large height to diameter ratio. As a consequence\, significantly larger components are supposed to be possible than by means of conventional press and sinter. The sintering of CIP compacts at 1250° C for 1 hour resulted in surface pore closure which enabled subsequent ful l densification using capsule-free HIP process. The results suggest that using cost-effective water atomised powder grades and eliminating the nece ssity of capsule for HIP offers the potential of realizing new PM products \, in particular with regards to manufacture of medium-sized net-shape PM components.\n\nKeywords: PM Steels\, CIP\, water atomised powders\, capsul e free HIP\, full density\n\nhttps://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/ contributions/974/ LOCATION: URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/974/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Prediction of the influence of non-homogeneous powder distribution on hot isostatically pressed components combining discrete element method and finite element analysis DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171208T033500Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20171208T040000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260519T093904Z UID:indico-contribution-47-973@events01.synchrotron.org.au DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Alessandro Abena (University of Birmingham)\nThe non -uniform shrinkage of the tool/canister under hot isostatic pressing (HIP) condition is influenced by many factors\, among which the powder relative density distribution seems to have a strong effect. Prediction of the fi nal tool deformation is fundamental for canister design in order to meet d imensional tolerances of final component. To this end\, numerical approach es represent a promising alternative to the expensive iterative experiment al trials. Researches up to date are generally based on finite element ana lysis where a uniform powder relative density distribution is assigned ove r the whole mesh domain. In this study the Discrete Element Method (DEM) h as been employed to simulate Ti-6Al-4V powder filling and pre-consolidatio n process allowing modelling the powder as single individual entities. A Finite Element Model (FEM) has been developed to simulate the HIP process\ , where the relative density distribution assigned to each element has bee n calculated from the final powder configuration obtained by DEM. Moreover \, experimental work has been carried out validating the powder filling ph ase in terms of filling time\, angle of repose of powder and powder relati ve density distribution\, and the influence of the initial powder distribu tion on the tool shrinkage. Comparison between experimental and numerical results shows the capacity of the numerical method to predict the canister shrinkage and the results strongly suggest that it is necessary to take i nto account the inhomogeneous powder distribution inside the canister.\n\n https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/973/ LOCATION: URL:https://events01.synchrotron.org.au/event/47/contributions/973/ END:VEVENT END:VCALENDAR